It is the process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job
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What happens in the differentiation process?
They develop different subcellular structures and turn into different types of cells, allowing them to carry out specific functions.
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What are sperm cells specialised for?
Reproduction
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What are Nerve cells specialised for?
Rapid signalling
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What are muscle cells specialised for?
Contraction
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What are root hair cells specialised for?
Absorbing water and minerals
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What are phloem and xylem cells specialised for?
Transporting substances
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How are sperm cells specialised for reproduction?
1) It has a long tail and streamlined head to help it swim to the egg. 2) There are a lot of mitochondria in the cell to provide the energy needed. 3) It carries enzymes in its head to digest through the egg cell membrane.
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How are nerve cells specialised for rapid signalling?
They are long to cover more distance and have branched connections at their ends to connect to other nerve cells.
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How are muscle cells specialised for contraction?
These cells are long so they have space to contract and contain lots of mitochondria to generate the energy needed for contraction.
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How are root hair cells specialised for absorbing water and minerals?
They grow into long hairs that sick out into the soil giving the plant a big surface area for absorbing water and mineral ions from the soil.
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How are Phloem and xylem cells specialised for transporting substances?
To form tubes the cells are long and joined end to end. Xylem cells are hollow in the center and Phloem have very few subcellular structures, so stuff can flow through them.
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Card 2
Front
What happens in the differentiation process?
Back
They develop different subcellular structures and turn into different types of cells, allowing them to carry out specific functions.
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