Organisms begin life as a zygote (a fertilised egg).
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Zygote (division)
The zygote divides by mitosis in 2, 4, 8 etc. to form an embryo. In humans up to and including the 8 to 16 cell stage, the cells are identical.
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Embryonic stem cells
These cells are embryonic stem cells which means they have the ability to become any type of cell in the body.
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Specialisation in animals
After the 8 cell stage, cells become specialised (differentiation), and different tissues form.
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Specialised cells
In specialised cells, only the genes are needed to enable the cell to function, as that type of cell is switched on. In embryonic stem cells, any gene can be switched on.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The zygote divides by mitosis in 2, 4, 8 etc. to form an embryo. In humans up to and including the 8 to 16 cell stage, the cells are identical.
Back
Zygote (division)
Card 3
Front
These cells are embryonic stem cells which means they have the ability to become any type of cell in the body.
Back
Card 4
Front
After the 8 cell stage, cells become specialised (differentiation), and different tissues form.
Back
Card 5
Front
In specialised cells, only the genes are needed to enable the cell to function, as that type of cell is switched on. In embryonic stem cells, any gene can be switched on.
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