Cell Biology - Topic 1

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  • Created by: rjonesy26
  • Created on: 12-02-18 11:45
What is the difference between a Prokaryotic cell and a Eukaryotic cell?
Eukaryotic are complex & larger. They include all animal and plant cells whereas Prokaryotic are bacteria cells.
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What are all the parts in an Animal Cell?
Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Mitochondria. Cell Membrane. Ribosomes.
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What are all the parts in a Plant Cell?
Rigid Cell Wall. Chloroplasts. Permanent Vacuole. Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Mitochondria. Cell Membrane. Ribosomes.
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What are all the parts in a Bacteria Cell?
Cell Membrane. Cell Wall. Circular Strand of DNA. Cytoplasm. Plasmid.
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What is the function of a Ribosome?
Protein-synthesis
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What is the function of Mitochondria?
Aerobic Respiration
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What is the function of Chloroplasts?
Photosynthesis
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What is the equation for Magnification?
Magnification = Image Size / Real Size
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What microscope is used to see smaller things in more detail?
Electron Microscopes
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What is Differentiation?
The process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job
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What are Sperm Cells specialised for?
Reproduction
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What are Nerve Cells specialised for?
Rapid Signalling (carrying electrical signals to other parts of the body)
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What are Muscle Cells specialised for?
Contraction
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What are Root Hair Cells specialised for?
Absorbing water and minerals as it has a large surface area
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What are Phloem Cells specialised for?
Transporting food around plants
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What are Xylem Cells specialised for?
Transporting water around plants
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Why are some people against Stem Cell Research?
They believe human embryos shouldn't be used to experiments as each one is a potential human life.
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Why are some people for Stem Cell Research?
Some people believe curing patients who already exist and are suffering should be more important than the rights of embryos.
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What can Stem Cells help do?
Cure diseases
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What is a Stem Cell?
An undifferentiated cell.
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Where are Stem Cells found?
In early human embryos and in bone marrow
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What is Mitosis?
The splitting of one cell to create two identical daughter cells.
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What is a Chromosome?
They are coiled up lengths of DNA molecules.
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How many Chromosomes are in a Human Cell?
23 Pairs
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What is Binary Fission?
The equivalent of Mitosis but in Bacteria Cells
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What is Diffusion?
The spreading out of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
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What is Osmosis?
The movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
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What is Active Transport?
The movement of dissolved molecules across a cell membrane from a lower to a higher concentration.
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What is an example of Active Transport?
When there is a low amount of nutrients in the gut and a higher amount of nutrients in the blood.
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What is Gas Exchange?
The diffusion of gases from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
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How is Alveoli specialised for Gas Exchange?
Large Surface Area. Very thin walls. Good blood supply. Moist lining.
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Why does Villi have a large surface area?
So that digested food is absorbed much more quickly into the blood.
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What is the cell that controls Stomata in a plant?
Guard Cell
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What would happen if the plant did not have any Guard Cells?
The plant would wilt as it would lose too much water.
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What is the Gas Exchange Surface in fish?
Gills
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Card 2

Front

What are all the parts in an Animal Cell?

Back

Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Mitochondria. Cell Membrane. Ribosomes.

Card 3

Front

What are all the parts in a Plant Cell?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are all the parts in a Bacteria Cell?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the function of a Ribosome?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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