CBT is based on the idea that people with mental disorders have irrational and unrealistic ways of thinking .
The aim of CBT is to adjust the thinking patterns and alter inappropriate beliefs.
CBT aims to do this by helping an individual consider and orga
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How does it work ?
Engagement strategies
preliminary sessions are used to provide opportunity to talk at learn about potential worries and symptoms that are of particular concern to client with Sz.
Therapist will try to build a rapport with client
The therapist and client will discuss any 'natu
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How does it work?
Psycho education
1)Normalises the experience of psychotic symptoms ,offering alternative explanations of clients' experiences of symptoms
2)clients increase their own understanding of the context in which their symptoms occur
3)Therapist can further assess the clients' u
A range of behavioural strategies that can be taught such as relaxation, activity scheduling, distraction and problem solving that requires the client to work systematically through a series of step
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How does it work ?
Relapse prevention strategies
Therapist and client identify early warning indicators of relapse:
-Includes identifying thoughts ,behaviours and feelings they experienced before becoming unwell
-Client and therapist then develop plans that could be employed when these indicators are ob
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A03: Supporting evidence
Turkington et al (2000)-found that CBT had a significant effect on both positive and negative symptoms of Sz. This suggest that CBT should be considered over drug treatments as it is effective at reducing symptoms ,it doesn't have the side effects associa
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A03:reserach evidence
Kuipers et al (1997) =randomly allocated 60 participants with schizophrenia to a CBT and standard care group or standard care only group. After 9 months ,50% of the CBT group were found to have improved with only one individual becoming worse compared to
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What does this research evidence suggest ?
That it is only an effective treatment for certain individuals with Sz that have cognitive based symptoms. Overall it is non effective as as there was an individual who got worse and only 50 % improved .However this research cannot be generalised to every
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A03:What are the methodological issues ?
-Many patients rely on antipsychotics and it would be unethical to have them withdraw from their medication for research purposes .This means we do not know if the effectiveness is coming form CBT or antipsychotics
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A03:What are the methodological issues?
-It is difficult to assess the effectiveness of any treatment as the term 'effectiveness' is not clearly defined
-For example a treatment ,may be regarded by one patient as successful if symptoms have been reduced whereas others may believe a treatment i
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AO3:What are the methodological issues?
Research is also likely to be affected by the Hawthorne effect -When an individual attempts to change or improve their behaviour because it is being evaluated or studied.
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A03:Is CBT a suitable treatment for everyone?
CBT is only appropriate for those who are able gain reasonable insight into their problems therfore it is not appropriate for all Sz .Research has suggested for certain types of psychotic symptoms such as delusions pf grandeur CBT is not suitable.
-The ol
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A03:Ethical implications
Informed consent-individuals with Sz are not in the right frame of mind to give valid consent and information about treatment may be withheld from them
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A03:Ethical implications
Psychological harm-could be a distressing experience for an individual with Sz as they have to think about past traumatic experiences to analyse.
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A03:Is CBT available for everyone ?
NHS has many trusts. National audit of Sz (2014)-number of people offered CBT ranged from 67% to 14% with an average of 50% of people reporting their trust had not offered CBT .NICE recommended every adult with Sz to be offered CBT
If individual does not
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A03:Is CBT cost effective ?
Kuipers et al (1998) analysed the economic impact of offering CBT to individual with Sz and antipsychotic drugs. CBT initially costed more but in longer term cost recouped as individual with Sz less likely to need emergency psychiatric service -money save
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How does it work ?
Engagement strategies
Back
preliminary sessions are used to provide opportunity to talk at learn about potential worries and symptoms that are of particular concern to client with Sz.
Therapist will try to build a rapport with client
The therapist and client will discuss any 'natu
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