Case Study PC1: One Child Policy, China

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Why was the one child policy needed?
The one child policy was needed because the country was heading towards another famine like 1959 (35 million died) due to the rising population (they would be unable to provide basic needs)
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How did the one child policy work in 1979?
In 1979, each couple could only have 1 child and those who had more were fined and didn't recieve benefits (e.g. free education, salary rises), women pregnant who already have a child were forced to have an abortion, Can't marry until late 20s.
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What have the benefits of the original one child policy been?
One child policy provided increased access to education and the famine didn't repeat. 400 million fewer children in china and childcare was offered to families who complied. Standard of living was improved.
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What problems does the one child policy have?
Families in rural areas often ignored the policy because they were used to having large families. The rule was strongly enforced in urban areas due to losing the rural areas, more females than males (gender imbalance) so not everyone had a partner
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Changes to the one child policy in the 90s and 00s?
In the 1990s, city parents allowed to buy permit for second child. 120 million more children than planned so deemed a failure. Policy relaxed in 00s but heavy fines still given (people had more money to pay them)
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One child policy situation today?
One child policy changed to two child in 2015, current yearly growth rate = 0.46 where 1990 = 1.72 and 2000 = 0.58. Population 1.3 billion 1990 = 1.1billion, 2000 =1.2 billion.
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Card 2

Front

How did the one child policy work in 1979?

Back

In 1979, each couple could only have 1 child and those who had more were fined and didn't recieve benefits (e.g. free education, salary rises), women pregnant who already have a child were forced to have an abortion, Can't marry until late 20s.

Card 3

Front

What have the benefits of the original one child policy been?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What problems does the one child policy have?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Changes to the one child policy in the 90s and 00s?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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