Drugs used in hypertension and heart failure

1. Drug class used as add-ons in resistant hypertension that has not responded well to other drugs. Risk of first dose postural hypotension. Examples: doxazosin, indoramin, terazosin (5, 8)
8. A benzothiazepine derivative which acts as a vasodilator but also reduces heart rate (rate-limiting calcium channel blocker) (9)
9. A drug given under specialist treatment for heart failure which inhibits the If channels in the SA node to slow heart rate. Avoid grapefruit juice. Side effects: temporary brightness in field of vision, breathlessness, fatigue, arrhythmia (10)

2. Drug class which blocks beta adrenoreceptors and reduces work of the heart. They are cardioselective but not specific. Side effects: bronchospasms, cold hands + feet, bradycardia, masks hypoglycaemia. Examples: atenolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol (4, 7)
3. Name of an ARB licensed for heart failure alongside candesartan and losartan (9)
4. A vasodilator used in difficult to treat hypertension which can cause reflex tachycardia and peripheral oedema. It also causes hirsuitism so is not suitable for women. (9)
5. Class of drug which blocks the action of angiotensin II at the receptor. Side effects: first dose postural hypotension. Examples: candersartan, losartan, Irbesartan. (3)
6. Class of drug which blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Side effects: persistent dry cough, first dose postural hypotension. Examples: ramipiril, perindopril, lisinopril (3, 9)
7. A sympathomimetic predominantly acts on beta 1 receptors (with some beta 2 action). Causes less tachycardia than dopamine. (10)
10. A sympathomimetic which acts on beta 1 receptors in medium doses (causes tachycardia and increased force of contraction) but at high doses works on alpha receptors, causing peripheral vasoconstriction (8)

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