Carbohydrates - Sugars 5.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? BiologyBiological moleculesASOCR Created by: shyde7Created on: 23-03-16 14:18 What is the literal translation of carbohydrate? "hydrated carbon" 1 of 35 For every carbon atom in a carbohydrate, how many hydrogen and oxygen atoms are there? 1 carbon : 2 hydrogens : 1 oxygen 2 of 35 What are the three functions of carbohydrates? Act as a source of energy, act as a store of energy and as structural units. 3 of 35 Give an example for each of the three functions of carbohydrates. source: glucose, store: glycogen and starch, structural units: cellulose in plants and chitin in insects. 4 of 35 What are the three main groups of carbohydrate? Monosaccharride, Disaccharide, Polysaccharide. 5 of 35 What suffix is given to most common types of monosaccharide and disaccharide? -ose (maltose, glucose etc.) 6 of 35 Monosaccharides are most important in living things as what? A source of energy. 7 of 35 Why rae they so suited to this role? The large number of carbon-hydrogen bonds. 8 of 35 What are the three features of a sugar? Sweet, soluble in water and insoluble in non-polar solvents. 9 of 35 Which forms can monosaccharides exist in? Straight chains or in a ring or cyclic form. 10 of 35 In solutions, triose and tetrose sugars exist as? Straight chains. 11 of 35 Pentose and hexose sugars are more likely to be found in? Ring or cyclic form. 12 of 35 What is an isomer? Molecules with the same formula but whose atoms are arranged differently in space. 13 of 35 In both forms, glucose can exist as? An isomer. 14 of 35 What are the two isomers of glucose? Alpha-glucose and beta-glucose. 15 of 35 Disaccharides share what properties with monosaccharides? They are sweet and soluble. 16 of 35 Name the three most common disaccharides. Maltose, lactose and sucrose. 17 of 35 Which of the three disaccharides are non-reducing? Maltose and lactose. 18 of 35 Which of the three disaccharides are reducing? Sucrose. 19 of 35 Which two monosacharrides create maltose? an alpha-glucose and an alpha-glucose 20 of 35 Which two monosaccharides create sucrose? alpha-glucose and fructose. 21 of 35 Which two monosaccharides create lactose? beta-glucose and alpha-glucose. 22 of 35 What do two beta-glucose molecules create? cellobiose. 23 of 35 What is the bond between two monosaccharides called? a glycosidic bond. 24 of 35 How is a glycosidic bond formed? Through a condensation reaction. 25 of 35 How are disaccharides broken into monosaccharides? Through a hydrolysis reaction. 26 of 35 What is the molecular formula of alpha-glucose? C6H12O6 27 of 35 What is the molecular formula of beta-glucose? C6H1206 28 of 35 What is the molecular formula of ribose? C5H10O5 29 of 35 What is the molecular formula of deoxyribose? C5H10O4 30 of 35 What is the role of alpha-glucose in the body? Energy source, component of starch and glycogen. 31 of 35 What is the role of beta-glucose in the body? Energy source, component of cellulose which provides structural support in plant cell walls. 32 of 35 What is the role of ribose in the body? Component of RNA and ATP 33 of 35 What is the role of deoxyribose in the body? Component of DNA. 34 of 35 What is the molecular formula for maltose? C12H24O12 35 of 35
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