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Cognitive Approach (AO1)
Cognitive Approach (AO1)
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What does the cognitive approach focus on ?
-How we perceive, manipulate and store information. -Internal thought processes can and should be studied scientifically
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Summarise the role of inference in the approach
Mental processes are 'private' and can not be observed directly. So, psychologist study them indirectly by making inferences about what is going on inside people head
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1.What are schemas? 2. How do they develop?
1. They are our beliefs an expectations about the world around us and how we should behave in certain situations. 2. They are packages of information which are developed through experiences
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What are schemas useful for ?
Processing lots of information quickly
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How does the cognitive approach use theoretical models?
To present a simplified visual representation of metal processes based on research
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Give an example of a cognitive theoretical model
Multi-store model of memory (MSM)
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Why are theoretical models useful?
As they show how research suggest we process information in a simple pictorial format
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How are computers relevant to this approach?
Approach uses a computer analogy to suggest similarities in how human and computer minds process information. Computers allow us to make inferences about human behaviour
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Give examples of computers being similar to the human brain
1. Central Processing Unit (CPU)-human brain 2. Hard disk-LTM 3.RAM- Human working Memory
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What is cognitive neuroscience?
The study of the influence of brain structures on mental processes
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Summarise Brocas example of cognitive neuroscience
Damage to an area of the frontal lobe could permanently impair speech production (Brocas Area)
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What has developed in the last 20 yrs? /2 examples
1. Brain imaging techniques 2.FMRI and PET scans
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What affect has brain scanning had on neuroscience?
Allows us to establish a neurological basis for some disorders
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Example of a neurological basis for some disorders
Size of hippo campus - Depression
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What are some evaluation points for the Cognitive Approach?
1. Application to treatment 2. Use of computer Anologies 3. Ignores motivation and emotion 4. Reductionist
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Summarise Application to treatments
- The approach has been used to explain how faulty thinking process can cause illness e.g. depression. An example of a treatment is cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) Therefore, the approach has been used to improve the lifes of many people
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Summarise why the use of computer analogies is a limitation of the approach
-The approach uses computer models to explain human behaviour. However, it doesn't consider the important differences between human behaviour and computers. For example, computers can not forget and they will not make mistakes.
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Summarise that the approach ignores emotion and motivation
It tells use how cognitive processes take place but not why. The over-dependence on computers may explain why emotion and motivations are ignored.
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Summarise how the cognitive approach is reductionist
The Cognitive Approach may be considered reductionist, as it does not provide a full explanation of human behaviour; it ignores factors such as biological and social contributors. For example, biological factors such as hormones and genes
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What does the cognitive approach focus on ?

Back

-How we perceive, manipulate and store information. -Internal thought processes can and should be studied scientifically

Card 3

Front

Summarise the role of inference in the approach

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

1.What are schemas? 2. How do they develop?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are schemas useful for ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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