Bonding Properties

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  • Created by: MEK
  • Created on: 19-05-13 14:29
Name some properties of ionic compounds.
Brittle, cystalline, high melting/boiling point, water soluble, ductile (when molten)
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Why are ionic compounds brittle?
Small distortions in the structure of the crystal means like charges will meet. This means that they repel against each other and the crystal breaks.
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Why are ionic compounds crystalline?
The regular lattice structure of the compound gives it a crystalline structure.
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Why are ionic compounds water soluble?
Water molecules have slight positive/negative charges therefore the ions are attracted to the water molecules.
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Why are ionic compounds ductile when molten but not solid?
When they are solid, ionic compounds don't have any free electrons as they are held in a fixed position however, when molten, the ions become looser so the electrons can move as can electricity.
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What gives ionic compounds high melting/boiling points?
The ionic bonds are very strong and this requires a lot of energy to overcome.
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Name some properties of diamond.
Abrasive, hard, does not conduct electricity, high melting/boiling point
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Why are diamonds so hard?
All four electrons of the carbon atom are held in bonds so there are no weak forces in the structure meaning it's very to break.
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Why do diamonds not conduct electricity?
All electrons are held in bonds so they cannot move to carry electricity.
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Why do diamonds have high melting/boiling points?
All bonds within the substance are strong which requires a lot of energy to overcome.
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Name some properties of graphite.
Soft, ductile, high melting/boiling point,
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Why is graphite soft?
Only three out of the four outer electrons are held in bonds so each atom has a delocalised electron. This means layers of graphite are formed, the attraction between layers is weak meaning they slide over each other and can break.
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Why is graphite ductile?
The delocalised electrons can move and carry the charge.
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Why does graphite have a high melting/boiling point?
The bonds are very strong so this requires a lot of energy to overcome.
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Name some uses for a) graphite b) diamond
a)electrodes for electrolysis, lubricant b)jewellery, cutting tools
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Name some properties of simple molecular structures.
Low melting/boiling points, gaseous or liquid, non ductile
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Why do simple moleculars have low melting/boiling points?
Although the bonds in molecules are very strong; the attraction between molecules is weak and this is easy to overcome. This is why most simple moleculars are liquid or gas.
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Why are simple moleculars non ductile?
The molecules have no overall charge so do not carry electricity.
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Name some simple moleculars.
NH3 (nitrate), O2 (oxygen), CH4 (methane), HCl (hydrogen chloride)
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Name some properties of metallics.
Ductile, high melting/boiling points, malleable,
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Why are metallics ductile?
They have many delocalised electrons which can move and carry electrical charge.
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Why are metallics malleable?
They delocalised electrons can move and slide over each other very easily so allow metals to be bent and shaped.
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Why do metallics have high melting/boiling points?
The forces between ions are strong and require a lot of energy to overcome.
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What are alloys?
A mixture of metals that are bonded together.
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Are alloys malleable?
No, because the different sized atoms mean it is hard for delocalised elctrons to slide over the layers. Therefore they are harder than pure metals.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why are ionic compounds brittle?

Back

Small distortions in the structure of the crystal means like charges will meet. This means that they repel against each other and the crystal breaks.

Card 3

Front

Why are ionic compounds crystalline?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why are ionic compounds water soluble?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why are ionic compounds ductile when molten but not solid?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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