Bioscience - Digestive 2020 - Flashcards in University Nursing

Created by: xenianiemiec
Created on: 11-12-20 12:15

Observe the image above name the very narrow dark line indicated by the arrow.

Oesophagus

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Observe the diagram below name the structure indicated by the arrow

Hyoid bone

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Name the digestive enzymes that are produced in and around the mouth to begin digestive work on the food bolus in the mouth

A and C are correct (Salivary amylase & Lingual lipase)

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There are several pairs of salivary glands in humans they are:

Parotid, submandibular and sublingual

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The movement of food bolus along the oesophagus is called

Peristalsis

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The muscles of the oesophagus are organized as … read carefully

Skeletal in the upper third only, then a mix of both in second third, and smooth muscle only in the lower third

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The opening into the stomach is called

The cardia

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The stomach is lined with folds called

Rugae

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The stomach produces gastric juice which contains:

Mucous, HCl, Pepsinogen, Intrinsic factor

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The nature and purpose of gastrin in gastric physiology is

A hormone that stimulates gastric motility (churning) and HCl production

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The first section of the small intestine just beyond the stomach exit is called

The duodenum

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The absorption of many nutrients takes place across the vascular

Small Intestine, mucosal villi

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Fatty molecules don’t enter the main vasculature at the absorption site instead they enter the …………………… to be ………………………….

The lacteal to be modified into a chylomicron in order that it can travel in the blood

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The pancreatic duct enters the duodenum via the

The sphincter of Oddi

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The pancreatic secretions are carried in an alkaline medium, this is necessary because

Food bolus from stomach is strongly acidic, alkaline helps neutralize and prevents pancreatic enzyme denaturation

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Pancreatic juice contains enzymes for which biochemical food categories

Carbohydrates, fat, protein and nucleic acids

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In the stomach partial digestion (chemically) occurs with the following food categories:

Mainly protein and a little fat

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The fold of peritoneum that covers the liver is called

The lesser omentum

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How are amino acids transported from the intestinal mucosa to the blood vessels

Active transport

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What is the name of the movement that takes place in the small intestine, that pushes the food bolus along

Segmentation

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The very end of the small intestine is called

The ileocaecal junction

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The large intestine has the important role/s of

Excretion, water reabsorption, a microbial habitat for both defense purposes and the production of several B vitamins and vitamin K

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Bioscience - Digestive 2020

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