Biology unit 2

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type of white blood cell that is produced and matures within the bone marrow
B-lymphocyte
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process of separating out particles of different sizes and densities by spinning them at high speeds
centrifugation
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the transfer of DNA from one cell to another by means of a thin tube between the two
conjunction
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all the living and non-living components of a particular area
ecosystem
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tissue found between the two layers of epidermis in a plant leaf comprising an upper layer of palisade cells and a lower layer of spongy cells
mesophyll
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one of a number of alternative forms of gene
allele
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a normally harmless substance that causes the immune system to produce an immune response
allergen
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a substance produced by living organisms that can destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms
antibiotic
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a protein produced by lymphocytes in response to the presence of the appropriate antigen
antibody
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the range and variety of genes, species and habitats within particular region
biodiversity
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a disease resulting from mutations that lead to uncontrolable cell division and the eventual formation of a group of abnormal cells may break away and form elsewhere in the body
cancer
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a chemical a form of radiation or other agent that causes cancer
carcinogen
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one of the two copies of a chromosome that are joined together by a single centromere prior to cell division
chromatid
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attraction between molecules of the same type. it it important for movement of water in plants
cohesion
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permanent changes due to the unravelling of the three dimension structure of a protein as a result of factor such as changes in temperature or pH
denaturing
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the movement of molecules or ions from the region where they are in high concentration to one of low concentration
diffusion
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a cell that has membrane bound nucleus and chromosomes. the cell also possesses a variety of other membranous organelles, such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum
eukaryotic cell
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diffusion involving the presence of protein carrier molecules to allow the passive movement of substances across plasma membranes
faciliated diffusion
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section of DNA on a chromosome coding for one or more polypeptide
gene
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a pair of chromosomes one maternal one paternal that have the same gene loci and therefore determine the same features. they are not neccessarily identical, however, as individual alleles of the same gene may vary
homologous chromosomes
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the means by which the body protects itself from infection
immunity
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differences between organisms of different species
interspecific varitation
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differences between organisms of the same species
intraspecific variation
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solutions that possess the same concentration of the solutes and therefore have the same water potential
isotonic
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the hollow cavity inside a tubular structure such as the gut or xylem
lumen
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tiny finger like projections from cell surface membrane
microvilli
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a sudden change in the amount or the arrangment of the genetic material in the cell
mutation
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complex chemicals made up of an organic base a sugar and a phosphate
nucleotides
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the passage of water from a region of high water potential to a region of low water potental
osmosis
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long, narrow cells packed with chloroplasts that are found in the upper region of a leaf
palisade cells
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any microoganism that causes disease
pathogen
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mechanism by which cells engulf particles to form a vesicle or a vacuole
phagocytosis
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a cell of an organism belonging to the kingdom prokaryotae that is characterised by lacking a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
prokaryotic cell
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type of white blood cell that is produced in the bone marrow but matures in the thymus gland.
T Lymphocyte
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a group of similar cells organised into a structural unit that serves a particular function
tissue
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the introduction of a vaccine containing appropriate disease antigens into the body by injections or mouth, in order to induce artificial immunity
vaccination
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a plant adapted to living in dry conditions
xerophyte
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dead hollow elongated tubes with lignified side walls and no end walls that transport water in most plants
xylem
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

process of separating out particles of different sizes and densities by spinning them at high speeds

Back

centrifugation

Card 3

Front

the transfer of DNA from one cell to another by means of a thin tube between the two

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

all the living and non-living components of a particular area

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

tissue found between the two layers of epidermis in a plant leaf comprising an upper layer of palisade cells and a lower layer of spongy cells

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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