Biology Paper 2 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyVariation and reproductionGCSEAQA Created by: laurenbendallCreated on: 09-06-18 19:36 What is mitosis? 1 parent cell = 2 clone daughter cell (diploid). By duplicating DNA & dividing once. Chromosomes replicate before divide. 1 of 21 What is Meiosis? 1 parent cell = 4 unique daughter cell ( haploid). Copies chromosomes in nucleus before dividing. Swapping genes & divide twice. 2 of 21 What is a Allele? different versions of same gene. for example earlobs; detached & attached. 3 of 21 What is Heterozygous? 2 alleles different Bb 4 of 21 What is Homozygous? 2 alleles are the same BB or bb 5 of 21 What is the boy genotype? XY 6 of 21 What is the girl genotype? ** 7 of 21 What are the main facts about Huntington's disease? It is dominate, it affects nervous system. hh (No), HH or Hh (Yes) 8 of 21 What is a gamete? It is the sex cells, such as sperm and egg 9 of 21 What is 'a sexual reproduction'? Produces clone off spring = mitosis 10 of 21 How many Chromosomes does a human have? 46, 23 pairs 11 of 21 What are the main facts about Cystic Fibrosis? Mucus is on the lungs, it is a recessive disorder, AA (no) Aa( carrier) aa(have it) 12 of 21 What are the main facts about Polydactyly? extra finger or toes, affect the nervous system, hh (no) HH or Hh( have) 13 of 21 What is a phenotype? Alleles expressed 14 of 21 What does Dominant mean? Alleles always expressed even if only one is present 15 of 21 What does Recessive mean? characteristics expressed, both copies present, only when 2 expressed. 16 of 21 What is Variation? Individual genes inherited, conditions which individuals have developed 17 of 21 What are mutations? Changes in DNA of a cell, occur continuously at low rate. 18 of 21 What is Natural Selection? Occurs because within particular species more individuals are born than can survive. Different populations of the same species can evolve differently. 19 of 21 What is Evolution? Gradual change in inherited characteristics of populations over time. 20 of 21 What is the Classification order? Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species 21 of 21
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