Biology- B6 Part A

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  • Created by: 13clarken
  • Created on: 03-06-18 18:35
... is found in the nucleus of animals and plant cells, in really long structures called chromosomes. Chromosomes normally come in pairs. ... is a polymer- two strands coiled together in a double helix shape
DNA
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A ... is a small section of DNA on a chromosome. Each ... codes for a particular sequence of amino acids -> which make a specific protein. Only 20 amino acids are used making 1000's of proteins. DNA determines what protein the cell produces
Gene
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A ... in the entire set of genetic material in an organism. The complete human ... allows scientists to: -identify genes linked to disease -Develop treatments for inherited diseases and Trace migration and find common ancestors
Genome
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DNA is made of ... The DNA strands are polymers made of repeating units called ... -> consisting of 1 sugar molecule, 1 phosphate molecule and 1 base, Sugar and phosphate form the backbone of DNA strands -> they alternate. Bases are A,C,T and G
Nucleotides
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Each ... links to a ... on the opposite strand of the helix. A always pairs with T, C always with G -> they are called complementary pairing. The order of ... decides the order of amino acids. Each amino acid is coded for by a sequence of 3 ...
base
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... is made by copying code from DNA. Proteins are made in cytoplasm on ribosomes. Cell needs to get code from DNA to ribosome to make protein, ... acts as this messenger. Correct amino acids are brought to ribosomes in correct order by ...
mRNA
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... have 3 functions: 1) Enzymes ->A biological catalyst. 2) Hormones -> Carry messages around the body 3) Structural ... -> Physically strong e.g. Ligaments and Tendons
Proteins
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... are random changes in an organisms DNA. Sometimes they are inherited. They are continuous and uncontrolled but the chance is increased when exposed to radiation or certain substances. They change the sequence of the DNA bases changing the protein
Mutations
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Types of Mutations: ... are when a new base is inserted into sequence, which can change the amino acids and protein
Insertions
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Types of Mutations: ... is when a random base is deleted from the sequence. It changes the code, changing the amino acid and protein - it has a knock on effect
Deletions
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Types of Mutations: ... is when a random base in DNA sequence is changed to a different base
Substitutions
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... reproduction is when the offspring is produced and is genetically different to either parent. Mother and Father produce gametes by meiosis e.g. Egg and sperm. Each gamete contains 23 chromosomes- half the number in normal cells.
Sexual
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

A ... is a small section of DNA on a chromosome. Each ... codes for a particular sequence of amino acids -> which make a specific protein. Only 20 amino acids are used making 1000's of proteins. DNA determines what protein the cell produces

Back

Gene

Card 3

Front

A ... in the entire set of genetic material in an organism. The complete human ... allows scientists to: -identify genes linked to disease -Develop treatments for inherited diseases and Trace migration and find common ancestors

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

DNA is made of ... The DNA strands are polymers made of repeating units called ... -> consisting of 1 sugar molecule, 1 phosphate molecule and 1 base, Sugar and phosphate form the backbone of DNA strands -> they alternate. Bases are A,C,T and G

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Each ... links to a ... on the opposite strand of the helix. A always pairs with T, C always with G -> they are called complementary pairing. The order of ... decides the order of amino acids. Each amino acid is coded for by a sequence of 3 ...

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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