Biology B5 (Homeostasis and Response part 3)
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- Created by: julian hayter
- Created on: 03-01-22 15:59
During puberty, reproductive hormones cause what type of characteristics to develop?
Secondary sex characteristics
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What is the main female reproductive hormone and where is it produced?
oestrogen, made in the ovaries
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At puberty, what happens to the eggs?
They begin to mature
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How often is one released(approx)?
every 28 days
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What is this process called?
Ovulation
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What is the main male reproductive hormone and where is it produced?
Testosterone and is produced in the testes
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What is the function of testosterone?
To stimulate sperm production
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What are the 4 hormones involved in the menstrual cycle?
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinising hormone(LH), Oestrogen and Progesterone
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What is the role of FSH?
Causes maturation of the egg in the ovaries
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What is the role of LH?
stimulates the release of the egg
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What is the role of oestrogen?
repairing/thickening/maintaining the uterus lining
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What is the role of progesterone?
maintaining the uterus lining
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What are the changes just boys undergo during puberty?
voice breaks, hair grows on face and body, more muscular body, testes produce sperm cells
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What are the changes just girls undergo during puberty?
voice deepens gradually, hips get wider, breasts develop, ovaries release egg cells
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What are the changes boys and girls undergo during puberty?
pubic hair grows, underarm hair grows, sexual organs grow and develop
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Where is FSH and LH produced?
In the pituitary gland
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What does FSH stimulate the ovaries to release?
oestrogen
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What does oestrogen stop what from being produced?
FSH
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Why?
So only one egg matures in a cycle
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What does oestrogen stimulate the pituitary gland to release?
LH
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What does LH trigger? (one word)
ovulation
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What is menstruation?
Where the uterus lining is shed
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When does this happen?
If the implantation of the fertilised egg doesn't happen
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Which type of contraception involves hormones to inhibit FSH production?
Oral contraceptives
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What are 3 examples of a contraception with a slow release of progesterone?
injection, implant, skin patches
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What are 2 examples of barrier methods of contraception?
condoms and diaphragms
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What type of device prevents implantation of an embryo or releases a hormone?
Intrauterine devices
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What do spermicidal agents do?
Kill or disable sperm
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When would abstaining be used?
When the egg may be in the oviduct (Fallopian tubes)
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What is each male and female surgical method of sterilisation?
vasectomy, stops sterm form travelling to testes, female is stopping egg from traveling along oviducts
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What hormones are in the 'fertility drug'?
FSH and LH
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What does IVF stand for?
In Vitro Fertilisation
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What is the first step of IVF?
Giving a mother FSH and LH
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What does this then stimulate?
the maturation of several eggs
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What is the next step of IVF?
Eggs collected from mother and fertilised by sperm from father in the lab
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What do these fertilised eggs develop into?
Embryos
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At this stage, what are the embryos?
Tiny balls of cells
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In the next step, how many embryos are inserted into the mother's uterus(womb)?
1 or 2
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What are the disadvantages of IVF treatment?
emotionally and physically stressful, not high success rates,can lead to multiple births
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Who are the multiple births a risk to?
Both babies and the mother
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When is adrenaline produced?
In times of fear or stress
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What happens in the body as a result of adrenaline being produced?
increases heart rate, boosts delivery of oxygen and glucose to the brain and muscles
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What do these changes prepare the body for?
'fight or flight'
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What does thyroxine stimulate?
The basal metabolic rate?
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What does basal mean?
At rest
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What does thyroxine play an important role in?
growth and development
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What are thyroxine levels controlled by?
Negative feedback
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what is the name for plants producing hormones to coordinate/control growth and responses to light?
Phototropism
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what is the name for plants producing hormones to coordinate/control growth and responses to gravity?
Geotropism
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What is the name of the plant hormone that controls growth rates?
auxin
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What 2 parts of a plant do unequal distributions of auxin cause unequal growth rates?
roots and shoots
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What are the 3 plant hormones?
auxin, ethene and gibberellins
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What are gibberellins important for?
initiating seed germination
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What 2 thing does ethene control?
cell division and ripening of fruits
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What 2 sectors are plant growth hormones used in?
agriculture and horticulture
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What 3 things are auxins used as?
weed killers, rooting powders, promoting growth in tissue culture
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What industry is ethene used in?
Food industry
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What is the use of ethene?
To control ripening of fruit during storage and transport
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What are the 3 uses of gibberellins?
to end seed dormancy, promote flowering, increase fruit size
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the main female reproductive hormone and where is it produced?
Back
oestrogen, made in the ovaries
Card 3
Front
At puberty, what happens to the eggs?
Back
Card 4
Front
How often is one released(approx)?
Back
Card 5
Front
What is this process called?
Back
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