Everything in the animal cell
cell wall
vacuole
chloroplast
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What is the role of the cell membrane
controlls substances entering and leaving the cell
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What is the role of the cytoplasm
where most chemical reations take place
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What is the role of the nucleus
Contains chromasomes which carry genetic information and controlls the activities of the cell
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What is the role of the cell wall
contains cellulose to support the structure of the plant
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What is the role of the chloroplast
absorp light for photosynthesis
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What is the role of the vacuole
2Stores dilute solution of sugars and mineral salts as sap
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What is the role of the mitochondria
site of aerobic respiration
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how do cells become specialised cells
cells differentiate to cells with a specific role e.g muscle cell
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What are tissues
group of similar cells with a similar function e.g muscle tissue
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What are organs
several tissues performing specific functions e.g the heart
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what are organ systems
a number of organs working together to carry out specific functions e.g the circulatory system
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By what method do enzymes work? Explain
The lock and key method
A substrate must fit perfectly in the active site to form an enzyme-substrate complex. The substrate is then broken down into the products. The enzyme is still the same as before
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What are enzymes made of
proteins
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What does heat do to an anzyme
Heat willl speed up the reaction in an enzyme until reaching its optimum temp, any temperatures higher than the optimum will denature the active sight, meaning the substrate wont fit and reactions will stop.
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How does optimum PH vary for different enzymes
It depends on where the enzyme is e.g. pH2 in stomach and pH10 in the small intestine.
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Why is the enzyme called a biological catalyst
It speeds up reactions without being used up
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What factors can affect the rate of diffusion
concentration-the greater the concentration gradient the faster the diffusion rate
temperature-as temp increases the rate increases
pressure- the higher the pressure, the quicker the molecules will move from an area of high to low pressure
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What is diffusuion
The passive movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration
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what is Osmosis
the net movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high (low solute) to low ( high solute) water concentration.
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What inverstigation can demonstrate Osmosis
The visking tubing experiment
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What is active transport
when molecules move against the concentration gradient using energy on the form of ATP.
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What is an example of Active transport
Root hair cells use active transport for the uptake of nitrate ions from soil water.
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What factors affect active transport
energy
glucose concentration-needed for respiration
oxygen-needed for aerobic respiration
temperature-affects enzymes contolling respiration
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What is used to stain the animal cell
Methylene blue
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What is used to stain plant cells
Iodine
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What is the magnification equation
xMagnification= eyepeice x objective
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Name the parts of a plant cell
Back
Everything in the animal cell
cell wall
vacuole
chloroplast
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