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6. The extracellular polysacharide matrix surrounding the microorganisms in the biofilm do what?
- Protect from disinfectant, provides nutrients, forms network for host tissue damage
- Provide protection from disenfectant, provide nurtients, provide reservoir for gene transfer and qourum sensing
- Provide reservoir for gene transfer by providing plasmids
- Provides nutrients and oxygen for aerobic microorganisms
7. Formation of a biofilm in an industry depends on..
- Food matrix, cleaning policies, open surfaces, location
- Food matrix, employee numbers, age of employees
- Cleaning products used, cleaning rota
8. When grown with Pseudamonas, Monocytogenes adhered to a glass surface, ______ than when alone
9. the four steps in biofilm establishment are...
- conditioning, attachment, retention, metabolism
- conditioning, adhesion, metablosim, survival
- conditioning, attachment, gene transfer, metabolism
10. Which of the following is a common place for biofilm formation and may provide nutrients
- catheters
- aluminum
- stainless steel
- copper
11. Which can remove a biofilm after the bacteria complexes with a surface?
- rinsing
- scraping, scrubbing, chemicals
- chemicals and rinsing
- boiling water and scrubbing
12. The environment of a biofilm is described as mostly ______ for the microorganisms involved
- synergistic
- beneficial
- disadvantageous
13. The presence of albumin ________ the attachment of Pseudomonas to polystyrene
- promotes
- has no effect
- inhibits
- aids
14. Bacterial interaction with a surface relies on
- flagella and fimbrae
- flagella activiy and chemotaxis
- chemotaxis and competition
15. Define a biofilm
- When one microorganism colonises a tissue and releases endotoxins
- A community of pathogens adhered to a host cell
- A large number of pathogens which use quorum sensing to adhere to a surface, encase in a polymeric matrix
- A community of microoganisms adhered to a surface encased in an extracellular polymeric substance
- A community of pathogens co-aggregated to a host encase in an extracellular polymeric substance
16. What may be competition for binding sites in biofilm adhesion?
- Proteins
- Inflammatory cells
- Other microorganisms
- Host tissue
17. Co-aggregation is..
- when the host's immune response ruptures the biofilm
- when the microorganisms stick to the surface
- when two species of micoorganisms adhere to eachother
- when the biofilm is disrupted by multiple things
18. the use of broad spectrum antibiotics leads to...
- penetration of top layer
- all of the answers are correct
- resitance
- gene transfer
19. Dairy food industry harbours which kind of microorganisms
- thermophiles and streptococci
- thermophiles and candida
- hydrophiles and staphylococcus
- candida and steptococci
20. Biofilms form...
- gradually
- in the presence of calcium
- when host immunity is low
- rapidly