Behaviourist Approach

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  • Created by: bethcx
  • Created on: 29-02-16 18:17
Operant Conditioning
A method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishment for behaviour. An association is made between a behaviour and a consequence for that behaviour.
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The Law of Effect
Suggests that responses closely followed by satisfaction will become firmly attached to the situation and therefore is more likely to occur when the situation occurs again. Or more unlikely too, if the consequence is bad.
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Classical Conditioning
A type of learning that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occuring stimulus.
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Pavlov
Found that learning takes place due to creating associations between events that occur in the environment.
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Pavlov's Dogs
Pavlov did an experiment where he conditioned dogs to salivate when they hear the bell, as they associated this with food.
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Watson and Rayner (Little Albert Study)
Created fear in an 11 month old boy. They stroke a steel bar at the same time Albert was presented with a rat. He then associated the rat and fear of the loud noise together and so the sight of the rat alone created fear in him.
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Skinner's Box
Rats and pigeons were placed into a box which contained a lever which released food when pressed -positively reinforcing them. Eventually they learnt that the food is a consequence pressing the lever and so repeated the behaviour.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The Law of Effect

Back

Suggests that responses closely followed by satisfaction will become firmly attached to the situation and therefore is more likely to occur when the situation occurs again. Or more unlikely too, if the consequence is bad.

Card 3

Front

Classical Conditioning

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Pavlov

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Pavlov's Dogs

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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