B4 The Processes of Life

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  • Created by: Farhana
  • Created on: 22-12-12 20:54
What is the function of the nucleus?
It contains DNA. DNA contains instructions for making proteins e.g. enzymes used in respiration & photosynthesis
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What is the function of the cytoplasm?
A gel-like substance where proetins likes enzymes are made. Some enzyme-controlled reactions take place here e.g. anaaerobic respiration
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What is the function of the cell membrane?
Holds cell together and controls what goes in/out. It lets gases and water pass freely while acting as a barrier to oter chemicals
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What is the function of the mitochondria?
These are where enzymes for reactions of aerobic respiration are found and take place.
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Do yeast cells have mitochondria, nucleus and cell wall?
Yes
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What type of cells have a cell wall but no nucleus?
Bacterial cells
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Define 'enzyme'
Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions
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Name 2 things that affect how quickly an enzyme works.
pH level and temperature
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What is a denatured enzyme?
When the enzyme's active site changes so the substrate does not fit anymore. Caused by too high/low pH level/temperature
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Name 3 things that energy released by respiration is used for
Movement- muscles contract. Active transport- move subs. in/out of cells. Synthesis of large molecules- made by joining smaller molecules together
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What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen > Carbon dioxide + Water (+energy released)
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What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration (animal/plants)?
Animal cells, some bacteria= Glucose > Lactic Acid (+energy released). Plant cells, some MOs= Glucose > Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide (+energy released)
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Breifly descride how bread is made using yeast.
The yeast ferments the carbohydrates in the flour and release carbon dioxide - causes it to rise
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Define 'photosynthesis'
Photosynthesis is a series of chemical reactions that uses energy from sunlight to produce food in plants
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What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O >(light energy)> C6H12O6 +6O2
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Give 3 main ways plants use glucose
1. Respiration, 2.To make chemicals for Growth (made into proteins, nitrates, amino) 3. Stored as Starch
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Name 3 factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis
1.amount of Light 2. amount of CO2 3. Temperature
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Describe how to take a transect
Run a tape measure between 2 fixed points. Start at 1 end, collect data you want. Move along & collect data again. Keep collecting until you reach the end
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What is a quadrat?
A square frame divided into a grid of 100 smaller squares used to make data collection quicker & easier e.g. plants
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Define 'diffusion'
Diffusion is the passive overall movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration, e.g. O2 + CO2 in plant leaves
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Define 'osmosis'
Osmosis is the overall movement of water from a dilute to a more concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane
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Define 'Active transport'
Active transport is the overall movement of chemicals across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using energy released by respiration
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Card 2

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What is the function of the cytoplasm?

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A gel-like substance where proetins likes enzymes are made. Some enzyme-controlled reactions take place here e.g. anaaerobic respiration

Card 3

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What is the function of the cell membrane?

Back

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Card 4

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What is the function of the mitochondria?

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Card 5

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Do yeast cells have mitochondria, nucleus and cell wall?

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