B4 ocr gateway - farming and food chains

b4 ocr gateway b revision cards for the end of the module! farming trypes and food chains!

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A detrivore....
... feeds on dead and decaying material by breaking it up so it has a bigger surface area.
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What is detritus?
What detrivores feed on.
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Give an example of a detrivore.
earthworm/maggot/woodlice
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What is a saprophyte
An organism that feeds by extracellular digestion
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Give an example of a saprophyte.
fungi/bacteria
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what is extracelluar digestion?
saprophytes use it by secreting enzymes onto the outside of their cell to break down the material so it can be absorbed
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What feeds on waste material from animals and plants?
a detrivore.
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what do detrivores release from dead organisms?
minerals
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What increases the rate of decay?
1. warm temperature (optimum for reproduction) 2. Moist - not too wet 3. Oxygen (respire easier)
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Name the 6 types of food preservation.
Canning, Cooling, Freezing, Drying, Salt/Sugar and Vinegar.
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How does freezing preserve food?
stops the production on microbes as completely stops respiration and reproduction. The water expansion also kills them!
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Plants in nutrient solution is what type of farming?
Hydroponics.
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Advantages of hydroponics.
control mineral levels/control disease/less labour intensive/ no pesticides of herbicides
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Disadvantages of hydroponics.
fertiliser/no soil support/expensive equipment/needs monitoring
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What are the types of intensive farming?
Herbicides, Pesicides and battery farms.
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What is the advantage of intensive farming?
reduces energy loss e.g. herbicides kill weeds so plants can gain more energy from the sun.
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How do pesticides reduce energy losses?
Kill insects so energy is not transferred into other food chains.
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What are the disadvantages of intensive farming?
Destroys the environment because.....hedges cut down/fertilisers cause eutrophication/ethical issues!
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Give an example of a predator for biological control.
Ladybirds feed on Aphids (who eat veg + crops)
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Give an example of a predator for biological control.
Wasps develop inside fly larvae + develop into host inset = kills!
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Give an example of a disease for biological control.
myxamatosis kills rabbits.
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What are the advantages of using biological controls?
no chemical pollution/no repetition of treatment.
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What are the disadvantages of using biological controls?
predator population increases/may not eat pests (useless)/ leave area
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What are the dangers of pesticides?
1. kill organisms that aren't pests (food chain shortage) 2. some are resistant 3. danger they'll be passed along = death.
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Give an example of a previous pesticide problem.
DDT got into Otters - concentration increased at each stage
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What are the types of organic farming?
crop rotation/organic fertiliser/weeding/varying seed planting
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Give one advantage and disadvantage of organic fertilisers
- doesnt work as well as chemicals. + better for environment
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Give one advantage and disadvantage of crop rotation
- space. + stops pests/disease accumulating
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Give one advantage and disadvantage of weeding
- labour intensive. + no chemicals (river pollution)
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Give one advantage and disadvantage of varying seed plantation
- space used so less room for wildlife. + no pesticides
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is detritus?

Back

What detrivores feed on.

Card 3

Front

Give an example of a detrivore.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a saprophyte

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Give an example of a saprophyte.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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