B2

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3 reasons why scientists classify animals
work out how animals evolved, understand how animals live in ecological communities & identify and monitor rare organisms
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what are the 5 kingdoms
plants, animals, fungi, protozoa & prokaryotes
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what are anthropods
important group of invertebrates
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the 4 classes withing athropods
insects, arachnids, crustaceans & myriapods
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example of insect
bees
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example of fungi
mushrooms
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example of protozoa
amoeba
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example of prokaryotes
bacteria
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name the groups from largest to smallest
kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus species
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what are species
groups of organisms that share the same characteristics and can produce fertile offspring
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how many latin names are species given and whats it called
two and binomial
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what is the offspring from two different species called
hybrid
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one fact about hybrids
infertile
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2 things a food chain show
which organisms consume eachother & energy transfer
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what does each consumer or producer occupy
trophic level
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why is a pyrimad of biomass always pyriad shape
deals with dry mass
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6 stages of the carbon cycle
co2 removed from air by plants, plants nd animals respire releasing co2, animals eat plants&other animals this puts carbon in their body (carbon is passed down foodchains), microorganisms feed on dead plants&animals makes them decay and release co2
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6 stages of carbon cycle continued
some organisms bodies are turned into fossil feuls trapping co2 as coal gas and oil, when fossil feuls are burned the co2 is released back into atmosphere
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how is carbon recycled in the sea
shells are made of carbonates, shell fossilises into limestone, volcanoes heat limestone releasing co2 into atmosphere, acid rain weathers rock releasing co2, oceans absorb carbon from air
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3 steps to nitrogen cycle
palnts absorb nitrates from soil, animals eat plants and use nitrogen to make animal protein. dead animals and plants are broking down by decomposers releasing nitrates back into the soil
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what is the role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria
convert nitrogen in atmosphere into nitrates in the soil
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what do decomposers do
convert urea and proteins into ammonia
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what do nitrifying bacteria do
convert ammonia from decomposers into ammonium compounds & nitrates in the soil.
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what do denitrifying bacteria do
convert nitrates into nitrogen in atmosphere and ammonium compounds into atmospheric nitrogen
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what is intra-specific competition
when members of the SAME species are in competition
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what is inter-specific competition
when members of DIFFERENT species are in competition
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example of an endangered species
red squirrels
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what does the interdependance of organisms determine
their distribution (how spread out) & abundance (how many)
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what is a parasitic relationship
parasites that live off other organisms
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give an example of a parasitic relationship
tapeworms
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example ofvectoparasites
flees
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what is a mutualistic relationship
two organisms living off eachother and benefiting
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how does a counter-current heat exchange work
warm blood going to body parts flow past cold blood coming back from body parts heating it up, the warmed up blood then re enters body and doesnt affect temp
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what arte extremophiles
organisms that can survive extreme conditions
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what do anti freeze chemicals do
lower freezing point of bodily fluids
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3 adaptations of a cactus and what they do
thick waxy layer reduces water loss, leaves reduced to spikes to reduce water loss and protect cactus prom predators, stores water in spongy layer inside stem to resist drought
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3 adaptations of camel
large sa to volume ration to increase heat loss, body fat stored in hump so skin can breath, loses very little water in sweat and urine
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what does the theory of evolution state
all living things that exist today evolved from simple life forms
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give an examle of a specialist
panda
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example of a generalist
horseshoe crab
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why are generalists better than specialists
they have wide variety of food type and aren't adapted to a specific habitat, and if that habitat dissapears they won't go extinct like specialists would
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who put forward the theory of natarul selction
Charles Dawin
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what is geographical isolation
groups of same species that are seperated by physical boundaries so they cant share their genes and breed
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what did Lamarck put forward
organisms changed during their lifetime, these changes are passed down to their offspring
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3 issues the exponential population growth has caused
use of fossil feuls increasing, more pollution, increassing competition for basic resources
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what is the function of the ozone layer
prevent too many harmful uv rays reaching earth
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how is acid rain produced
when sulfur dioxide gas dissolves in water
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what is a suatainable resource
one that can be used and replaced
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3 main causes of whale deaths
pollutants in sea, hunting & culling
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what are the 5 kingdoms

Back

plants, animals, fungi, protozoa & prokaryotes

Card 3

Front

what are anthropods

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

the 4 classes withing athropods

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

example of insect

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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