B1 revision 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyYou and your genesGCSEOCR Created by: CharlabbottxoCreated on: 11-05-17 17:42 Define chromosome A chromosome is a long strand of DNA 1 of 30 What are the two types of proteins? Structural and functional proteins 2 of 30 Define homozygous Homozygous is inheriting two alles that are the same 3 of 30 Define heterozygous Inheriting two alleles that are different 4 of 30 Define genotype Combination of alleles you have 5 of 30 What are the sex chromosoms for women? Both X chromosomes 6 of 30 What are the sex chromosomes for men? X and y - as soon as the y appears the testes begin to develop 7 of 30 What is Huntingtons disease? Genetic disorder affecting central nervous system 8 of 30 Symptoms of Huntingtons disease? Involuntary movement, clumsiness, memory loss, mood changes, inability to concentrate 9 of 30 What does Cystic Fibrosis cause? Thick sticky mucus in the lungs and gut 10 of 30 Symptoms of cystic fibrosis? Weight loss, difficulty breathing and digesting food 11 of 30 What is the allele of Cystic Fibrosis? Recessive 12 of 30 What is true positive? Fetus has disorder - Fetus has disorder 13 of 30 What is true negative? Fetus doesn't have disorder, fetus doesn't have disorder 14 of 30 What is false positive? Fetus has disorder - Fetus doesn't have disorder 15 of 30 What is false negative? Fetus doesn't have disorder - fetus has disorder 16 of 30 What is genetic testing used for? see susceptibility to certain disease or conditions, problems with certain prescribed drugs 17 of 30 Why genetic testing is wrong? Not natural 18 of 30 What is IVF? In vitro fertilisation - 1. Ova harvested and fertilised 2. embro tested for faulty allele 3. Healthy embryo planted into uterus 19 of 30 What is pre-implantation genetic diagnosis? 1. After fertilisation embryos are allowed to divide into 8 cells before single cell is removed 2. Cells tested to see if they carry genetic disorder 20 of 30 Why's embryo selection controversial? Unnatural, Concerns people choose certain characteristics 21 of 30 What is asexual reproduction? Dividing to form two new individuals. The new individuals are 'clones' 22 of 30 How can animal clones occur naturally? Cell of embryo may separate and two new embryos develop into identical twins 23 of 30 How can animal clones be produced artifically? 1. Nucleus from adult body cell is transferred into an empty unfertilised egg 2. New individual have same information as the donor 24 of 30 What are the two types of stem cells? Adult and embryonic 25 of 30 Where are adult stem cells taken from? Bone marrow and umbilical cord blood 26 of 30 What can adult stem cells develop into? Range of specialised cells but not all types 27 of 30 Where are embryonic stem cells taken from? Developing embryo 28 of 30 What can embryonic stem cells devleop into? Any kind of specialised cell 29 of 30 What are stem cells? Early stages of development the cells are unspecialised 30 of 30
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