~This is a list of all the members of the population we are interested in studying.
~EXAMPLES = The census, electoral role.
~Once we have obtained this we can choose an appropriate sampling method to narrow the frame down to manageable numbers.
~The aim i
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Random Sampling
~This is based on the view that everyone has an equal chance of being selected.
~How representative it is will depend on the source of the sampling frame + the element of chance.
~The size of the sample may also affect how representative the group is.
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Simple Random Sampling
~People are selected purely by random chance.
~EXAMPLE = Names drawn out of a hat.
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Systematic/Quasi Random Sampling
~Every e.g. 10th or 100th name is taken from the original frame.
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Stratified Sampling
~ The population is stratified first by dividing into societal groups e.g. males + females.
~Your sample is then taken equally or proportionally to ensure your final sample is representative of society.
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Cluster Sampling
~The researcher focusses in on an area or a selection of areas + then chooses a sample from within those areas.
~This is often used when the area of study is simply to large for the researcher to cope with.
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Non-Representative Sampling
~This is when the researcher does not want a representative sample or is unable to obtain one.
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Quota Sampling
~This is when the researcher chooses to focus on a particular or small number of societal groups that fulfill particular criteria.
~EXAMPLE = Ethnic minority males under the age of 50.
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Snowball Sampling
~This is when NO sampling frame is used
~Contact is made with 1 person + they introduce the researcher to further contacts.
EXAMPLE = McNamara's study of male prostitutes in New York [1994].
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Theoretical Sampling
~Sometimes, to further their own views = sociologists will study non-typical people.
~EXAMPLE = Feminists may study women in particularly non-typical roles.
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Opportunistic/Convenience Sampling
~Chooses individuals that are the easiest to access.
~EXAMPLE = Passers by on the street.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
~This is based on the view that everyone has an equal chance of being selected.
~How representative it is will depend on the source of the sampling frame + the element of chance.
~The size of the sample may also affect how representative the group is.
Back
Random Sampling
Card 3
Front
~People are selected purely by random chance.
~EXAMPLE = Names drawn out of a hat.
Back
Card 4
Front
~Every e.g. 10th or 100th name is taken from the original frame.
Back
Card 5
Front
~ The population is stratified first by dividing into societal groups e.g. males + females.
~Your sample is then taken equally or proportionally to ensure your final sample is representative of society.
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