Add red litmus paper • red litmus paper turns blue
1 of 7
Test for H+ ions
Add blue litmus paper • blue litmus paper turns red
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Describe a test for carbonate, CO3 2- (aq) ions
Add dilute aqueous acid e.g. HCl • CO2(g) is evolved which causes effervescence CO3 2- (aq) + 2H+ (aq) CO2(g) + H2O(l)
3 of 7
Test for sulfate, SO4 2- (aq) ions
Add barium chloride solution • white precipitate forms Ba2+ (aq) + SO4 2- (aq) BaSO4(s)
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Test for halide, X- (aq) ions
Add aqueous silver nitrate solution • In presence of halide ions a white/cream/yellow precipitate forms Ag+ (aq) + X- (aq) → AgX(s) • The precipitate dissolves/remains on addition of dilute/concentrated ammonia
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Test for ammonium ion, NH4 + (aq) ions
Add sodium hydroxide solution and warm • ammonia gas is evolved which turns red litmus paper blue • NH4 + (aq) + OH- (aq) NH3(g) + H2O(l)
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In what sequence do you carry out the tests?
carbonate, sulfate then halide. (BaCO3 and Ag2SO4 are both insoluble). You can carry out the tests for H+ , OH- , NH4 + in any sequence.
7 of 7
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Test for H+ ions
Back
Add blue litmus paper • blue litmus paper turns red
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