Approaches to research

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1. Theory definition

  • An educated guess
  • provides an answer to the RQ and tells us why that answer is expected by specifying the key mechanism, chain of events or reactions or changes which connect the independent variable with the dependent variable
  • expectations, causal mechanisms, assumptions, scope
  • The process of making imprecise notions more specific and precise
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2. Define an ordinal variable

  • Any value within a defined margin
  • Categorised variables with a clear order
  • Categorised variables
  • Yes/No

3. The research cycle

  • Theory/RQ, hypothesis, conceptualisation, operationalisation, measurement
  • null
  • null
  • null

4. Elements of a theory

  • normative, hypothetical, factual, empirical
  • Expectations, causal mechanisms, assumptions, scope
  • the research cycle
  • Conceptualisation, operationalisation

5. Dichotomous variable

  • a variable that takes on any value within a range with an equal unit of distance between groups
  • Two clear answers
  • Categorised variables with a clear order
  • Any value within a defined margin
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