Applications of reproduction and genetics definitions 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyPractical applications of biologyA2/A-levelWJEC Created by: 8cburtonCreated on: 28-04-15 21:33 Clone A group of identically identical organisms formed from a single parent as a result of asexual reproduction or by artificial means 1 of 17 In vitro fertilisation A technique which involves mixing the egg and sperm in a dish where fertilisation takes place. 2 of 17 Stem cell An undifferentiated cell capable of dividing to give rise to cells which can develop into different types of specialised cells 3 of 17 Totipotent Cell which can mature into any body cell 4 of 17 Meristems Growing points where cells divide rapidly by mitosis 5 of 17 Gene probe Short piece of DNA the sequences of which are complementary to the mutated sequences. 6 of 17 Liposome Minute spheres of lipid molecules, capable of carrying DNA inside them 7 of 17 Restriction enzyme Enzyme which cuts DNA molecules between specific base sequences 8 of 17 Sticky ends Two ends of the foreign DNA segment. They have a short row of unpaired bases at the two ends of the opened-up plasmid DNA sample 9 of 17 Reverse transcriptase Enzyme used to synthesise DNA from mRNA in specific cells 10 of 17 Intron Portion of DNA within a gene that does not code for a polypeptide 11 of 17 Plasmid A loop of DNA found in bacteria. The plasmid is known as a vector 12 of 17 DNA ligase Enzyme which joins together portions of DNA 13 of 17 Recombinant DNA DNA which results from the combination of fragments from two different organisms 14 of 17 Transgenic An organism that has had its genotype altered producing a new strain of organism. Also known as genetically modified organisms 15 of 17 Electrophoresis Exposing the fragment of DNA to an electric current in a gel trough 16 of 17 Primer Short of sequence of nucleotides 17 of 17
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