genetic basis for depression, if first degree relative suffere, shopld have higher risk than pop. HARRINGTON ET AL 20% of relatives 10% general population.GERSON depression in FDR 2/3x higher than pop
biologival explanation.believed group of neurotransmitters (e.g.seretonin) have lower levels in the brain of depressed individuals
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NEUROTRANSMITTERS SUPPORT
MCNEIL & CIMBOLIC cerebrospinal fluid in depressed had less seretonin=reduction seretonin in brain.DELGADO ET AL diet lowered Trp. P's returned symptoms.RUHE ET AL remission Trp defcient diet had relapse.ROSEN ET AL urine,high enzymes act on seretoni
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NEUROTRANSMITTERS CONTRADICTS
p's without perosnal/family history of depression dont show mood changes after Trp depletion.(lowered seretonin no depression). AAN HET ROT ET AL depressive episode changes seretonin so p's become sensetive to future changes
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FREUD- PSYCHODYNAMIC
psychodynamic approach.linked to childhood experiences (loss/rejection) that are repressed. feel negative towards person, when they pass negative feelings turn inwards. anger,mourning(is 'normal'), depression('anger turned in on itself')
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RESEARCH SUPPORT
shah and waller P's who suffer decribe parents *** 'affectionless'.support freud.BARNES AND PROSEN men who lose dad score higheron d scale.BIFULCO ET AL dead mum, d later in life (lack of care from dad after).PAYKUL AND COOPER loss=less cases (10%)
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BECK- COGNITIVE APP
thinking is baised to a negative view fo world. eg overgeneralising. aquire negative schema at childhood (activated new situation rememble original).Beck-'negative triad' view of self,world,future
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SUPPORT
HAMMEN & KRANTZ depressed women more errors of logicinterpreting writing than 'normal ps'.BATES ET AL depressed p's who given negative,atuomatic thought like statements more depressed.just bevause link (negative though/depression)no cause and effect.
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CRITICISM
LEWINSOHN p's before depressed and found thoues who became depressed had negative thoughts compared to others. (c+e=negative thoughts reult in depression not cause it). DETERMINISTIC (no soial netwrok=depressed) not accout for free will
biologival explanation.believed group of neurotransmitters (e.g.seretonin) have lower levels in the brain of depressed individuals
Back
Card 4
Front
MCNEIL & CIMBOLIC cerebrospinal fluid in depressed had less seretonin=reduction seretonin in brain.DELGADO ET AL diet lowered Trp. P's returned symptoms.RUHE ET AL remission Trp defcient diet had relapse.ROSEN ET AL urine,high enzymes act on seretoni
Back
Card 5
Front
p's without perosnal/family history of depression dont show mood changes after Trp depletion.(lowered seretonin no depression). AAN HET ROT ET AL depressive episode changes seretonin so p's become sensetive to future changes
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