the measure of how much an atom is able to attract electrons towards itself within a covalent bond.
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What are the factors that affect electronegativity?
nuclear charge, atomic radius and electron shielding
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What is the trend of electronegativity down this group? Why?
Decreases as the increased atomic radius and electron shielding outweighs the effect of incresaed nulcear charge.
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What is the trend of melting and boiling points going down this group? Why?
Increase as atom size increases and more electrons to be involved in the van der waal forces.
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What is the oxidising ability trend of halogens up the group?
Increases as we go up the group (F being one of the most oxidising agents known.
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Why does the oxidising ability decrease down the group?
the electron affinity decreases due to the increase in atomic radius.
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What different properties doed floruine hold in comparison to the other halogens and why is this so?
has a lower electron affinity than chlorine due to electron repulsions in the crowded outer shell. still a stronger oxidising agent than chlorine due to its very low bond energy as a result of repulsions between the outer electrons of the F2 molecule
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What is the trend in the reducing abilities of halide ions as you go down the group? why is this?
increases down the group. due to the decrease in electron affinity as you go down the group meaning its easier to lose the outermost electron in a reduction reaction
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How can the identity of a halide ion be discovered?
using a silver nitrate solution
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Outline the 3 steps taken in order to identify the halide ion?
1. the halide must be in solution 2.dilute nitric acid is added to the solution3. silver nitrate is added this reacts with the halide to produce silver halides
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Name 3 uses of chlorine
kill bacteria in drinking water & pools. Bleach and cleaning products. make plastics and PVC. Bromine extraction. Compounds of chlorine used in medicine
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Define Disproportionation reaction
When a redox reaction occurs where different atoms of the same element increase and decrease in oxidation state.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What does halogen literally mean?
Back
Salt Former
Card 3
Front
Define electronegativity
Back
Card 4
Front
What are the factors that affect electronegativity?
Back
Card 5
Front
What is the trend of electronegativity down this group? Why?
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