6.2.4

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Explain the use of C-C bond formation in synthesis.
Increases the length of the carbon chain.
1 of 7
Explain the reaction of haloalkanes with CN– and ethanol.
Nucleophilic substitution; learn this mechanism.
2 of 7
Explain the reaction of carbonyl compounds with HCN.
Nucleophilic addition; learn this mechanism.
3 of 7
Explain the reduction of nitriles to form amines.
With H2 / Ni; adds 2 hydrogen atoms to both the carbon and nitrogen atoms originally in the carbon-nitrogen triple bond.
4 of 7
Explain the acid hydrolysis of nitriles to form carboxylic acids.
Heating with a dilute aqueous acid (eg. HCl); the carbon from the carbon-nitrogen triple bonds becomes COOH; the nitrogen forms NH4Cl.
5 of 7
Explain the formation of a substituted aromatic C–C by alkylation.
Using a haloalkane; transfers an alkyl group from a haloalkane to a benzene ring.
6 of 7
Explain the formation of a substituted aromatic C–C by acylation.
Using an acyl chloride; when benzene reacts with an acyl chloride in the presence an aluminium chloride catalyst, a ketone is formed; the organic product undergoes the typical reactions of a ketone.
7 of 7

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Explain the reaction of haloalkanes with CN– and ethanol.

Back

Nucleophilic substitution; learn this mechanism.

Card 3

Front

Explain the reaction of carbonyl compounds with HCN.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Explain the reduction of nitriles to form amines.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Explain the acid hydrolysis of nitriles to form carboxylic acids.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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