Language acquistion, english a2 spoken acquisition

Early language development

COOING

the cooing stage happens usually six to eaight weeks. it begins with extended vowel combinations. this is all usually because of the child experimentiong with sounds.

they make small rages of sounds. they start with vowels like o, u. they then start to produce extened vowel combinations.

an example of extended vowel combinations would be ooooooh aaaaah. 

they will then start to use velar consonants, ones that are made at the back of the tongue like k, g and may start to form sounds liek gaaaaaaaaaah, kooooooooh.

gradually more of these sounds will become more derfined and strung together. this vocal play is the beggining of babbling. 

this vocal play is the beggining of babbling. 

BABBLING

Babies start babbling at around six months. Repetion in babbling is known as canonical babbling or reduplicated babbling. 

an example of this would be;  babababa , gagagaga

babbling that hold different seqeucences of phonemes would be known as variegated babbling. an example of this would be ; egoo, gi agag fafaa, dadada

the consonants that usually appear in babling are, h,w,j,p,b,m,r,d,n,k,g. babies tend to find fricatives harder to pronounce.

research shows that deaf babies whove had some exposure to sing language will babble with their hands - producing consonat and vowel combinations . this may suggest that babbling is an innate activity, which is preprogrammed to happen in teh process of language development.

Most people argue that babbling is a continuation of the babys's experimentation with sound creation rather than the prodcution od sounds that carry meaning. for example, the infant may produce dadadadad but theyre not actually saying anything to refer to dad or daddy at this stage.

some peole argue that bablling is the begininng of speech.

Pettito and holowka (2002) videos infants and noted that babbling became more from teh right side of he brain which is controlled byt eh left side of teh brain. this side of the brain is responsible for speech production. their findings suggest that babbling is a form ot preliminary speech.

the babling stage in two parts.

the bablling stage can be divided into two parts, when babies start to babble, the number of different phonems they produce increases. this is called phonemic expansion. when they reduce the number of phonemes the p[roduce it is called phonemic contraction. this the period where the baby starts to sound differetn by nationality. the baby will concentrate on reproducing phonemes it hears in its native language.

intonation.

at the early stages of babbling  babies will use rythms that resemble speech patterns of adults. there will be recogniseable intonation in teh strings of phonemes they put together. for example, at teh end of the a bablling sequence the intonation may rise, mirroring the kind of intonation adults use when asking a question. balies can also accompany these sounds with gestures, like pointing.

production of a first word.

eventually certain combinations and vowels start to carry meaning. for example a child might say mmm to show they want some more food. this is not…