Eukaryotic cells

Have a distinct nucleus and posses membrane-bound organelles

Organelles:

Nucleus -

• Histones create cromatin
• Contains organism's heriditary material
• Acts as a control centre of the cell through the production of mRNA and tRNA
• Retain the genetic material of the cell in the form of DNA and chromosomes
• Manufacture ribosomal RNA and ribosomes

Nuclear envelope -

• Has a double membrane
• Often has ribosomes on its surface
• Controls the entry and exit of materials in and out of the nucleus

Nuclear pores -

• Allows large molecules such as RNA out the nucleus

Nucleoplasm -

• Jelly-like material that makes up the majority of the nucleus

Chromosomes -

• Consist of protein-bound, linear DNA

Nucleolus -

• Manufactures ribosomal RNA and assebles the ribosomes

Mitochondrian -

• Sites of aerobic respiration
• Contain enzymes
• Produces ATP
• For energy for movement
• Large quantities in active cells

Cristae -

• Provide a large surface area
• For the attachment of enzymes and other proteins involved in respiration

Matrix -

• Contains protein, lipids, ribosomes and DNA that allows the mitochondrian to control the production of their own proteins

Chloroplasts -

• Filled with chlorophyll
• Absorbs sunlight
• Where photosyntheisis takes place
• Thylakoids, grana stacck, lamella holds it together, stroma is around everything

Chloroplast envelope -

• Double plasma membrane
• Selective in what it allows to enter and leave the chloroplast

Grana -

• Stacks of up to 100 disc like structures called thylakoids, within these is chlorophyll
• Lamella is…