Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

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1. Elements

> An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into two or more simpler substances by chemical processes. 

> Properties of metals:

  • Shiny (lustrous)
  • Mostly solid at r.t.p (exc. for mercury)
  • High melting / boiling points (exc. for Na, K, Hg)
  • Ductile (can be drawn into wires)
  • Malleable (can be hammered into different shapes without breaking)
  • Sonorous (makes a ringing sound when struck)
  • Good heat conductivity 
  • Good electrical conductivity 

> Properties of metalloids (elements that exhibit both metallic and non-metallic properties)

  • Shiny
  • Solids at r.t.p
  • High melting / boiling points 
  • Brittle (easily broken when hammered)
  • Moderate heat conductivity 
  • Moderate electrical conductivity

> Properties of non-metals

  • Dull
  • Gases…

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