Child Language Acquisition Definitions

3 Grammatical features of CDS - Sentence structures simplified, proper nouns instead of pronouns, present tense used more 

3 Lexical features of CDS - Simplified vocab, reduplication, diminutives (doggy) 

3 Phonological/prosodic features of Child Directed Speech - Intonation, repeated phrases, pace is slower 

Addition - When a vowel is added to the end of a word e.g. dog to dogu 

Age children can use all consonants - 6 or 7 years 

Age children can use all vowels - 2 and a half 

Age children of different nationalities begin to sound different - 10 months - during phonemic contraction 

Age the babbling stage starts - 6 months old 

Age the cooing stage starts - 6-8 weeks 

Aitchison (1987) - Labelling - when a child links a sound to an object, they are able to call something by its correct name. 

Packaging - child begins to understand the range of meaning e.g. recognising bottles can be in a range of shapes and sizes but they all have similar function 

Network building - when a child makes connections between words e.g. understanding that big and small are opposites 

Amount of words used by a 2 year old - 300 

Amount of words used by a 5 year old - Around 3000 

Amount of words used by a 7 year old - Around 4000 

Amount of words used by an 18 month - Can actively use 50 and understand 250 

Are word-initial or word-final consonants easier - Word-inital 

Assimilation - When one consonant in a word is changed because of the influence of another in the same word e.g. tub becomes bub 

Berko (1958) - Wug test - children correctly identified two creatures as two wugs 

Berko and Brown (1960) - Fis phenomenon - a child referred to his plastic fish as fis and when an adult said "is this your fis?" The child said no stating instead it was his fis. This shows that children are aware of which phonemes to use, but cannot produce them. 

Bristol University Study (2008) - Babies who are exposed to different languages in the first nine months of their life are more able to pick out the sounds of these languages as they get older. This is because phonemic contraction occurred less than it would've if the baby had been exposed to only one language. 

Bruner's LASS theory (1983) - The Language Acquisition Support System is where caregivers support their child's development in social situations. 

Chomsky (1965) - Argued a child's ability to acquire language is innate and is a natural development when exposed to language. He suggested each child has a Language Acquisition Device (LAD) which allows them to take in and use grammatical rules. 

Cluster reduction - Where there are consonant clusters a child may drop one of them e.g. geen instead of green 

Cruttenden (1985) - It…