Tudor Government
- Created by: immyabarnett1111
- Created on: 30-04-19 18:40
what were the features of Henry VII's government?
-ROYAL COUNCIL -responsible for day to day running, had small membership, used frequently
-COUNCIL LEARNED IN LAW -debt collector, managed/pursued feudal rights -led by DUDLEY + EMPSOM-> hated, executed in 1510
-COURT OF THE STAR CHMABER- created by act in 1487 -> prosecuted anyone behaved rebelliously -little use was made of this because Henry used finance $$$ control subjects
-PARLIAMENT- met infrequently - 7X during reign -king ruled by decree -only called to serve interest of king e.g. support controversial policies
-LOCAL GOVERNMENT- most distant from London = difficult control -relied on JP's/Nobility -> responsible for public order -no attempts make system local gov = UNEVEN CONTROL
-ROYAL HOUSEHOLD-personal monarchy -servants chosen by king -PRIVY CHAMBER-kept $$$ + business in private rooms -created under Henry
-NOBILITY- increased control+suspicion -attainder, bonds and recognisances -retaining - licence in 1504 -138 B+R's passed
what were the features of Henry VIII's government?
LOCAL GOVERNMENT -continued use JP's -creation of LORD LIEUTENANTS to muster up militia
PRIVY CHAMBER -increased use + importance -had its own separate existence
PARLIAMENT -relied on trusted advisors, WOLSEY + CROMWELL run day to day gov -had no interest in day to day unglamorous affairs -encouraged talented admin from outside nobility
NOBILITY -different attitude reversed 175 Bonds +recognisances
-still suspicious rivals in nobility = 1513 demanded DE LA POLE execution
WOLSEY'S REFORMS - tackle slow + unfair delivery of justice -strengthened STAR CHAMBER increased to 120/year -friend of poor-> championed enclosure -COURT OF REQUESTS - hear cases from poor people
CROMWELL'S S REFORMS - court of augmentations->controlled land and finances before under the Catholic church -court of first fruits and tenths-> collected money previously from rome -court of wards-> collected money from minor's whose estates he controlled -increased use of parliament for reformation -increased use PRIVY CHAMBER
was there a revolution in tudor government in the
yes:
-extension royal authority over Wales -HENRY became head of church and state
*king in parliament - due to legislating for reformation
-PRIVY COUNCIL -used as a smaller body of gov
*CROMWELL+WOLSEY = oversaw gov unlike Henry VII who had big involvement in day to day government + professionals used vs untrained nobility
-development specialised departments e.g. STAR CHAMBER
*Court of Augmentations *Court of General Surveyors *First Fruits + Tenths *Court of Wards
NO:
-Crown already had influence over church appointments + tax
*parliament developed as Henry needed support
-gov remained personal as seen from Henry's dismissal ministers
*CHANGES WERE REACTIONARY
what was Edward's government like?
-too young to rule so ruled by protectorate but by early teens, had influence
-SOMERSET- lord protector- good duke -implement social reforms -had support for moderate reform but blocked conservative
-authoritarian -promoted own supporters
-NORTHUMBERLAND- feb 1550 - lord president of the council -> ruled through PRIVY COUNCIL -serious unrest so Northumberlands policies different
government under mary
-argued a quiet strengthening of government taking place behind the scenes
-role of privy council managing day to day gov = more established ->commitees to deal w issues
-royal commission in 1552= revenue collection easier
-revival of naval militia w 1558 militia act = return to fleet level of hnery VIII's reign
-ROYAL HOUSEHOLD- decreased- leading male gov couldn't frequent household as immoral
Elizabeth's government
-ROLE OF COURT- hub social/political life -nobility went court gain titles by flattery e.g. DUDLEY
-employed 1500
-PATRONAGE- astute use to a wide circle -stop plots against herself
-grant of MONOPOLIES (sole ownership of items to sell) = unpopular - prevented competition
-less nobles than in 1558
-PRIVY COUNCIL- nobility reduced, core professional served long periods e.g. cecil
-admin public policy + advice
-1590's increased workload to 6/week
-still personal monarchy wasn't easily swayed e.g. marriage + succession BUT could sway her e.g. Cecil threat of resignation = intervention in Scotland
-1570's -GUY- reshaping of inner circle of 8 minsters
-LOCAL GOVERNMENT -JP'S -> continuity from VII -continued expand -50 JP's by 1600 -responsibility for poor law
-LORD LIEUTENANTS -responsible raising local militia -additional duties -1560-> LORD DEPUTY- intro share workload
PROBLEMS WEAKENED GOV -
*trusted ministers die in quick succession - replaced by sons who lacked fathers abilities e.g. Robert Cecil
*promoting Robert cecil = factionalism from ESSEX
what were Elizabeth's relations with her parliamen
GROWING CONFLICT BETWEEN CROWN + PARLIAMENT -by end reign 1/2 MP's uni + lawyers = self confident + wiling argue -1566 - anger over discussing succession -1563-6 - PURITAN CHOIR - 40 pressure to further reform to Protestantism -1601 - clash over monopolies -MP's refuse grant additional taxes for war against Spain unless monopoly solved
NO GROWING CONFLICT BETWEEN CROWN AND PARLIAMENT:-parliament called 13 x during reign -mainly ruled via privy council -Elizabeth could stop progress via veto-resisted all attempts by parliament on marriage +succession -PURITAN CHOIR -not united or powerful -used parliament for money, almost always got -HOC -mundane tasks =outlet for local grievances
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