the three main anglo saxon revolts

the main causes for the revolt were:

• Loss of land for Anglo-Saxon earls and the illegal land grabs by William FitzOsbern and Odo of Bayeux, this loss of land made the Anlglo-Saxon earls angry as William was taking away their power.
• The numerous castles being built, the Anglo-Saxons hated castles as they showed Norman Dominance and power and the castles destroyed a lot of houses which were there before the castle.
• The heavy taxes that William set, this made the Anglo-Saxons angry as their wealth was being used for the good of Normandy, not England.
• the bad regency of FitzOsbern and Odo, this made the Anglo-Saxons annoyed as these two did things that were completely unfair and illegal without punsihment

Edwin and Morcars reasons were:

• William promised Edwin could marry his daughter but then went back on his word, he also made Edwin and Morcars earldoms smaller and less important

Herewards reason was:

• Hereward found his home taken by Normans and his brother's head hung over the door

the events were:

• Edwin and Morcar fled from William's court and went north
• They were backed by: Bleddyn, lord of Powys, Maerleswien, the sherrif of Yorkshire, Earls Waltheof and Gospatric of Northumbria and Edgar Aethling
• William was informed of the revolt and went North
• He went to Warrick first, and built a castle; he then went to Nottingham, and built another castle
• as soon as William had control of Warrick, Edwin and Morcar surrendered
• York sent hostages to William
• Edgar Aethling fled to Malcolm III in Scotland.
• Edwin and Morcar were kept as 'guests' at William's court

the events were:

• Rebels from Northumbria, Malcolm III and Edgar Aethling and King Sweyn of Denmark all joined up to take down William.
• Robert Cumin took a large force North to try and stop the rebels, attacking towns along the way.
• Rebels ambushed Cumin and killed him and his men
• Rebels supported by Edgar Aethling and Malcolm launched an attack on York
• William heard of this attack and brought a large army to York.
• He laid waste to York and then built a castle in the ruins
• Edgar fled to Scotland
• Later, the Danish assembeled a fleet and landed on the coast of England
• Along with the Scottish and Edgar Aethling, they attacked York again this time cutting down 3000 Normans.
• The Danish then sailed lower down the coast into an area of marshland.
• The rebels dissapeared when Williams army came near and popped up in other places.
• William decided to pay off the Danish and began the harrying of the north to end the rebellions

the events were:

• Hereward got back to England after being exiled, he saw that Normans had killed his family and siezed his home and he killed those normans
• He teamed up with local rebels to start a guerilla war
• they took Peterborough abbey with the Danes but the Danes stole the riches
• as William advanced they took the isle of Ely and hoped to hold out there
• they held out until some monks told William how to get across safely and William captured Morcar, but Hereward dissapeared.

this was the last large scale Anglo-Saxon revolt.

The three main people were:

• Roger de Breteuil, earl of Hereford
• Ralph de Gael, earl of East Anglia
• Waltheof, earl of Northumbria

The reasons for the revolt were:

• loss of land for the Norman earls
• loss of privileges for the marcher earldoms
• loss of power for Norman earls

it was a good time for a revolt because:

• William was away in Normandy and Lanfranc was in charge so they didnt have to fight William
• the Danish agreed to help them so they had a strong army

the events were:

• The three earls met at Ralphs wedding to Rogers sister and made a plan to take over England and split it between each other.
• Waltheof told Lanfranc of their plans and Lanfranc's spys confirmed this information.
• Lanfranc wrote to Roger to try and persuade him to stop and as this didn't work, Lanfranc had him excomunicated
• earls near to Roger stopped him leaving Herefordshire. The same happened in the East with Ralph being stopped in East Anglia
• William returned and the vikings didn't want to face him and so the vikings went and attacked the coast instead
• Roger was imprisoned for life
• Ralph fled to Brittany
• Waltheof was executed after being tricked by William
• William realised he now had to be careful about the Norman earls and that they to might now revolt.