Stage 6- Present a summary of the findings and an evaluation of the investigation

Summary

• Draw a conclusion linked back to original question - proved or not?
• Provide main reasons
• Does it support the geographical model/concept? suggest why or why not. Is there a flaw in your strategy/results or is the concept suspect?

Evaluation

• Discuss limitations- time, timing, equipment, method, personnel, location,; explain effects of these on results
• Suggestions for improvement- other times/places, improved method (e.g. sampling methodology), more effective and/or robust equipment

It is rare that investigations fully support the chosen model of concept

A) There are limitations in the models/concepts

• Models/concepts are usually generalisations so they are unlikely to apply to your location or investigation
• They indicate what ought to happen in 'ideal' circumstances- often certain factors were held constant
• Often they were formulated in a different country
• They were suggested some time ago e.g. Burgess model dates from 1925
• Many are not based on measurements in the field but are based on logic

B) There are limitations in the investigation in terms of the models/concepts

• Different methodology, equipment, etc was used
• Different level of accuracy, timing, etc
• Insufficient sample size or number of measurements
• The investigation was only looking at one of the aspects of the model/concept or its surface expression

• Must identify the particular circumstances that created the anomaly 
• Limitations are suggesed reasons why your investigation was not fully complete, accurate and reliable. It is rare for there not to be any. They can be grouped as:
  • Initial planning limitations
  • Data collection and recording limitations
  • Data processing limitations
  • Accuracy and reliability of the data

• Repeating the investigation in a different location
• Repeating the investigation at different times
• Increasing the sample size
• Improving the sampling strategy e.g. unit, method
• Taking into account further variables
• Using better, more accurate and reliable equipment
• Finding further sources of data- especially secondary
• Re-formulating the title (question being investigated)
• Making organisational improvements- better teamwork etc