Resources

Global Patterns

• The most undernourished countries are in LICs and Africa
• The least undernourished countires are HICs

Problems

• Undernourishment can lower productivity
• Obesity is rising in HICs with healthcare problems

UK

• 40% of all food is imported as people want seasonal / exotic food all year round
• People also want organic (grown without chemicals) food
• This is bad, as CO2 is released in the "food miles" it travels
• Agribusiness reduces this as it's commercial large scale farming in the UK
• Local food may be better, as it's fresher, boosts the local economy and travelled less miles

Global Pattern

• Parts of Africa has high water scarcity
• Europe and North America have little water scarcity

Water Scarcity

• Physical water scarcity is where you don't have enough water to extract
• Economic water scarcity is where you can't afford to extract water sources (e.g. via desalination)

UK

• Demand is increasing due to population increase, and more products wanted
• 50% of all groundwater is unusable due to runoff from fertilisers and oil spills
• Some areas e.g. North Scotland have surplus, and others e.g. London have deficit
• We can increase / conserve water by transferring from areas of surplus to deficit, using more efficient processes (e.g. showers > baths) and maintaining quality (farming regulations)

Global Pattern

• LICs generally consume the least energy
• HICs generally consume the most energy (exception Saudi Arabia)

Changing Patterns

• HICs may eventually use less than NEEs as NEEs use more to develop / manufacture things and HICs use more efficient electronics

UK

• Demand is increasing, but consumption has fallen due to environmental / efficiency reasons
• North Sea gas is the main source of energy from the 1980s (though stocks are decreasing)
• The last deep coal mine closed in 2015, and the last oil station closed that year
• Renewable sources are increasing (15% by 2020 is the target)
• Wind and Nuclear power are 2 main options nowadays, yet both have issues (e.g. visual and toxic pollution)