population change

GROWTH inc. or decrease due to various factors - health , eductaion, culture and social effects.

CHANGES in population - birth rate and death rate, economic factors, religion and mortality rates

can be down to pull and push factors

• forced - eg. nigerian slave trade
• international migration
• local migration
• rural to urban , urban to rural 
• voluntary 
• racism 
• education
• refugees
• asylum seekers

effects of migration can be economic or social, may also lead to environmental (resource strain)

can lead to positive or negative effects of the host or source country eg. usa/mexican boarder, immigration controls to lower number of mihgrants in to usa

UK - lenton and Dunkirk- studentification , student area, inc crime, inc business in school terms

5 STAGES 

• high fluctuating
• early exanding 
• late expanding
• low fluctuating
• decline

VALIDITY OF THE DTM

• original dtm had no stage 5
• easy to understand 
• comparisons
• migration and government roles not taken in to account, or civil wars.

SHOWN IN POPULATION PYRAMIDS

structures can change accordingly with each stage of the countrys developement

YOUTH BULGE PHENOMENA in nigeria -

• 70% of people under 30
• CIVIL CONFLICTS
• angry youths.. conflicts on local scale
• unemployment

population change can lead to -

• overpopulation
• underpopulation
• optimum population levels.

ANTI NATALIST - CHINA

• one child policy
• intrduced in 1952
• illegal abortions of girls
• can have more childern if 'used' as workers on family farms

PRO NATALIST - FRANCE

• awarded for having childern eg. free health care, school fees
• introduced after WW2
• government inititive 
• france needs a baby boom
• however women work - no time for babies

EG. MALHAMDALE, YORKSHIRE DALES

• rural, holiday homes , cause house prices to rise
• elderly residents may feel isolated
• small local businees may fall out of business

EG. LENTON AND DUNKIRK, NOTTINGHAM

• studentification
• high crime rates as stuents will leave lap tops in houses.,. etc
• local rise in business
• business decrease when term ends and over summer