Momentum BEFORE Collision = Momentum AFTER Collision
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Forces and Motion (Part 2)
The Turning Effect of Forces:
Moment of a Force = Force x Perpendicular Distance from Pivot
Sum of ANTIclockwise Moments = Sum of Clockwise Moments
Astronomy:
Orbital Speed = (2 x Pi x Orbital Radius) / Time Period
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Newton's Laws of Motion
Newton's Laws of Motion:
A body will continue to move in a straight line at a steady speed unless a resultant force was acting on the body. If the forces acting on an object are balanced, then a stationary object stays in one place and a moving object continues to move in just the same way as it did before the force was applied.
The bigger the force acting on an object, the faster the object will speed up. Objects with greater mass require bigger forces than those with smaller mass, to make them accelerate at the same rate.
For every action, there is an equal and opposite action.
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Electricity
Mains Electricity:
Power = Current x Voltage
Energy = Power x Time
Energy = Current x Voltage x Time
Current and Voltage in Circuits:
Charge = Current x Time
Electrical Resistance:
Voltage = Current x Resistance
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Waves
Properties of Waves:
Wave Speed = Frequency x Wavelength
Frequency = 1 / Time Period
Light Waves:
Refractive Index = Sin i / Sin r
Sin Critical Angle = 1 / Refractive Index
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Energy Resources and Energy Transfers
Energy Transfers:
Efficiency = (useful energy output / total energy input) x 100%
Work and Power:
Work Done = Force x Distance
GPE = Mass x GFS x Height
Kinetic Energy = 1/2 x Mass x Velocity²
Power = Work Done / Time Taken
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Solids, Liquids and Gases
Density and Pressure:
Density = Mass / Volume
Pressure = Force / Area
Pressure Difference = Height x Density x GFS
Solids, Liquids and Gases:
Pressure(1) x Volume(1) = Pressure(2) x Volume(2)
Temperature in K = Temperature in ˚C + 273
Temperature in ˚C = Temperature in K - 273
Pressure(1) / Temperature(1) = Pressure(2) / Temperature(2) [must be in K]
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Magnetism and Electromagnetism
Electric Motors and Electromagnetic Induction:
Input Voltage / Output Voltage = Turns on Primary Coil / Turns on Secondary Coil
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