Photosynthesis

Light hits a molecule of chlorophyll which "excites" the electrons. 

Photophosphorylation of ADP occurs to create ATP. Electrons move down an electron transfer chain in the thylakoid membrane in a series of redox reactions. The energy released allows chemiosmosis to occur: 

• protons are pumped into the thylakoid and then diffuse out which powers the action of ATP synthase in the thylakoid membrane = ATP is produced from ADP and Pi.

Some of the energy from the "excited" electrons is also used to split a water molecule known as photolysis. This produces: 

• oxygen - which is released 
• protons - that attach to NADP to make NADPH 
• electrons - replace those in the chlorophyll that were "excited" 

The Calvin Cycle 

CO2 enters and combines with a molecule of RuBP (5C). This is catalysed by the enzyme "Rubisco". 

An unstable 6C compound is made so it splits into 2 3C compounds of GP (glycerate phosphate).

This is then modified to TP (triose phospate) using the energy from ATP and the protons from NADPH.

Every few turns of the cycle, a molecule of glucose is produced - used for respiration, starch, proteins and cellulose.

The remaining TP is used to resynthesise RuBP. 

Could be asked to explain from any point in the cycle