media

Edward Said-

Prespective that suggests that the East and the orient provoke fear and fascination within westen culture.

Westen culture is constructive against a assumed other.

We (west) construct our identities against them.

We dehumanise the Other and make them into villains.

Where people feel they both belong and are the assumed other (Said) to the dominant culture group of their country of residance.

Caused by Forced/ Voluntary migration.

Argues that most media represtaion is founded upon negative histrical myths.

He suggests 4 represtanations for black culture:

• the Humorous
• the exotic
• the pitied
• the dangerous.

Repressive state apparatus- iron fist (Police, Army)

Idological state apparatus- Velvet Glove (education, church, media)

Interpellation- for the ideological state apperatus to work we recongnise in ourselves an idenity offered by society (wrongly) and participate in our own manipulation.

David Gauntlee also: Interpellation occures when a person connects with  a media text- enjoy magazine/ t.v. shown- this uncritical consuption means that the text has interpolated us tnto a certain set of assumptions and caused us to tacitly accept a particular approach to the world, works with fear as well.

Academics- felt that the media was a force for pacifying the population by injecting a "Mass-culture" that functioned as a distraction from the mundanity of daily life.

belived the mass media was culturally worthless and created passive beings that were wasiy manipulated.

we belive we are freen and happy when we are not we live in a "Euphoria of unhappiness."

The main purpose of the media is to titillate, entertain and divert the masses attention from serious issues that might upset the status quo.

The media helps the Bourgeoise to create a false class conscicence and therfore the proletariat would no revolt.

Criticism:

Assumes the audeicne is passive.

Liberal Pluralsim:

• media helps to give voice to all views and to provide a forum for the public to debate.
• media provides the information necessary for citizens to act.

Media reinforces the ideoloical message of those in power.

done by placing power in the hands of the few.

They do not neglect smaller groups in society as they do not want a riot. so they show little represenation so they dont feel under-represenated but amount is ontrolled. they cant revolt.

use bias to reinforce the statues quo

Chomsky- referred to "Manufacturing consent" filtering avalibal information and therfore controlling the audeicnes ideas and thoughts.

e.g. represenation of middle class white men in position of power- controll leadership and supporting the capitalist economy system.

Media can also but Counter-hegemonic but can use this as a selling point.