Media

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Anchorage

Provides vital information in understanding text.

For example captions.

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Arbituary or Symbolic Sign

A sign where the meaning is culturally acuquired.

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Code

A system used to create meaning

For example Barthes codes.

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Connotation

Meaning created by a sign

Eg a heart connotes love 

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Decoding

When audiences interpret a text.

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Denotation

The literal meaning of a sign or code

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Encoding

The intended meaning in a text.

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Icon

When a sign looks like what it presents.

Eg if a picture of a bike resembles a real bike.

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Indexical

Relationship between the signifier and the signified.

Sweat at the gym is an index for hard work

None is an index for potential laziness

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Myth

Higher levels of signification-ideology

Barthes refers to it as the 3rd order of signification

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Paradigm

A set of signs that can be understood individually.

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Polysemic

A sign with multiple meanings.

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Sign

The signifier+signified

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Signified

Meaning intendied for a sign

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Signifier

Works with the signified to combine into a sign

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Syntagm

A group of signs that can only be understood interdependently.

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