Key assumptions for approaches 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyApproachesASAQA Created by: jasminexxCreated on: 30-10-14 16:29 Behaviourist approach Behaviour is learned from the enviroment . Behaviour is dertemined by reinfrocement and punshiment of past learning experiences. Observable behaviour not minds should be studied . Psychology should investigate the laws of learning . 1 of 6 Social learning theory Mediational processes , which lie between stimulus and response ,influence our behaviour. Observational learning has four conditions : attention , retention ,motor reproduction , motivation. Learning can occur by observing role models in the enviroment. Learning can be a result of direct reinforcement and indirect , or vicarious reinforcement . 2 of 6 Biological approach Behaviour and thought processes have an innate , biological basis. The mind and the brain are the same. Human genes have evolved to adapt behaviour to the enviroment. Human charateristics (e.g intelligence) are due to our gentic make-up. 3 of 6 Cognitive approach Mental processes lie between stimuls and response. Humans are information processors. Humans actively organise and manipulate information from the enviroment. The mind operates in the same way as a computer - both encode,store and output data. 4 of 6 Psychodynamic approach Unconscious porcesses , of which we are unaware , determine our behaviour. Instincts, or drives , motivate our behaviour and energise the mind . Childhood experiences determine adult personallity . Personality has 3 parts - id , ego and superego. 5 of 6 Humanistic approach Humans should be viewed as a whole and not reduced to component parts. Humans are active agents - able to control and determine thier own development. Humans strive towards achiveing self-actualisation. To be psycholigcally healthy , the real self and ideal self must be congurent . 6 of 6
Comments
No comments have yet been made