Facts You Should Already Know

A balanced diet has - carbohydrate, protein, fat, vitamins, mineral salts & fibre; Carbohydrate gives you energy; Protein is needed for growth & repair; Fats contain fat soluble vitamins; Vitamins are essential in SMALL quantities; Mineral salts are also essential, e.g. Calcium, Iron & Iodine; Enzymes are needed to digest carbohydrate, proteins and fats; Enzymes are substrate specific; Enzymes work better at body temperature; Enzymes only work at their optimum pH; Villi absorb glucose, amino-acids, fatty acids, glycerol, vitamins and minerals; Villi have a large surface area. Green plants contain a chemical called chlorophyll; Chlorophyll is used in photosynthesis; Photosynthesis uses light energy to make glucose; Photosynthesis takes place in the mesophyll of a leaf; Photosynthesis also requires Carbon Dioxide and water; Glucose can be used in respiration or stored as starch; Iodine and starch turn black; Green light is not used in photosynthesis; Increasing the light intensity will make photosynthesis faster.