- Energy is transferred along food chains, but not all of the energy available can be absorbed by organisms.
- The amount of available energy decreases from one stage to the next.
- Some of the available energy goes into growth and the production of offspring. This energy becomes available to the next stage, but most of the available energy is used up in other ways. For example:
- Energy released by respiration is used for movement and other life processes, and is eventually lost as heat to the surroundings
- Energy is lost in waste materials, such as faeces.
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