Counter-urbanisation

Push:

• Escape Pollution from air and noise.
• Bad congestion and parking.
• Expensive housing so move to get better value for money.

Pull:

• Less dense housing, with more outdoor space.
• Communications have improved eg high speed internet.
• Better quality of life.
• Improvements in technology means businesses can move out to rural areas where it is cheaper.
  
• Increased car ownership and better rail networks mean its easy for people to commute.

+Pubs etc. have an increase in business as people with higher disposable income have entred the area.

+Imporvement in buildings and farms as they are rennovated.

+Keeps schools in rural areas open, as young families move out.

-Unattractive new developments in the local area.

-Rural shops may close as people with cars tend to head out to shops in urban areas.

-Roads in local area may not be able to come with an increase of use, may lead to congestion.

-Schools may close if it is older people moving to the area.

-Higher demand for houses so prices increase and become dominated by older people that can afford it.

• In some places, new houses etc have to be in keeping with what is already there.
• Mobile services such as natwest bank.
• Local occupancy clauses mean that some part of the housing can only be brought by people who have lived in the area for more than a certain amount of yers.

Facts- 70 miles form the north of London and population has grown by 12600 people in 51 years. it has good road and rail network to London. arounf 1/4 of the working population commute into London each day.

Impacts on St.Ives:

• Congestion is an issue on the A41
• Average detached house price rose from £130000 to £291000 between 2000 and 2010.
• Houses built on Flood plains due to high demand and over 1000 houses are at risk of flooding.
• More Shops and services in the town now, clothes, cafe and restaurants etc.
• Change in population structure as it was previously ageing, however influx of young people.
• This change has put strain on schools.

Management strategies:

• 2010, plans approved to build 200 new homes and 75 would be affordable on lower incomes.
• Expand primary schools creating 240 more places.
• Flood protection works to create new embankments and flood walls.
• Bus ways been built, costing £116 million to reduce congestion.