Computer Science
- Created by: jaronvavasour
- Created on: 02-05-18 14:37
Definition #1
Pixel: the smallest possible dot on a computer screen which can have its colour set independently; images are made up of pixels
Bitmap: A set of bits that represents a graphic image, with each bit or group of bits corresponding to a pixel in the image
Resolution: the number of pixels per square inch on the computer screen. The higher the resolution, the better the picture
Colour depth: the number of bits used to encode the colour of each pixel Sampling: making physical measurements of the amplitude of an electronic representation of the sound wave at set time intervals and then converting the measurements to digital values Analogue: data which can use any value in a continuous range
Files are compressed to reduce transfer speeds and storage space. With lossless compression, the data in origional file is not changed
Definition #2
Bus: a bundle of wires carrying data from one component to another or a number of tracks on a printed circuit board fulfilling the same function
Hardware: physical components making up the computer and its peripheral devices.
System software: software that manahes the operation of computer,tells it what to do,tells it which programs to run, controls what the users see on screen etc. Printed circuit board: the base that supports wiring andelectronic components that are soldered to it or fit into sockets on the board.
ALU:The Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) is the part of the CPU where arithmetic (add, subtract etc) and logic (AND, OR, NOT etc) operations are carried out.
Algorithm: is a set of instructions/steps that are followed to solve a problem.
Python Definitions
Integer: Whole number
Boolean: true or false
Float: Can be a whole number or decimal
Array: Named data location for storing multiple values that are all related and of the same data type.
Definition #3
CPU: is responsible for handling/executing all the instructions received from the computer’s software and hardware.
Control Bus: carries signals that control and coordinate all the activities within the computer.
Data Bus: carries data between the processor, the memory unit and the input/output devices.
Erroneous data: is test data that falls outside of what is acceptable and should be rejected by the system.
Fetch execute cycle: is the basic operation (instruction) cycle of a computer.During the fetch execute cycle, the computer retrieves, decodes and actions a program instruction from its memory.
HTTP: is a protocol used when transmitting files over the World Wide Web.
Definition #4
Volatile: Storage / memory where data is lost when power is removed.
SSD: Solid state drives are non-volatile storage devices capable of holding large amounts of data.
ROM: Read Only Memory (ROM) is a non-volatile memory chip whose contents cannot be altered.
RAM: RAM is a computer’s primary memory. It is a very fast solid state storage medium that is directly accessible by the CPU.
Register: Registers are high speed storage areas in the CPU. All data must be stored in a register before it can be processed.
Definition #5
IP address: is a unique number given to every device on the internet. It signifies the location of the device, allowing devices to communicate with each other.
MAC address: is a unique number given to every device that connects to the internet or a network. It identifies the actual device.
Magnetic storage: uses different patterns of magnetisation on a magnetisable material to store data. The data is accessed using read/write heads.
Non Volatile: storage / memory where data is not lost when power is removed.
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