Colds 0.0 / 5 ? OtherFIUniversityNone Created by: RhianMxxCreated on: 17-03-15 22:52 Prevent Spread of Colds Good hygiene measures Avoid touching nose/eyes/mouth Block coughs and sneezes with tissues Use disposable tissues - throw away immediately Hand washing Think before shaking hands Be aware of contaminated cloths Clean surfaces 1 of 8 Non-Pharmacological Interventions Adequate fluid intake Reassurance and rest Educate for the future Antiviral tissues Saline nasal drops/sprays Vicks first defence Steam inhalation Volatile ingredients eg:- menthol and ecualyptus inhalation Can be used by all - apart from steam inhalation which cannot be used by children 2 of 8 Analgesics Paracetamol Well tolerated Anti-pyretic Ensure no over dosage Ibuprofen Aspirin Only over 16s - risk of Reye's syndrome Other products not usually recommended 3 of 8 Oral Decongestants Sympathomimetics Shrink swollen mucosa Examples:- Pseudoephedrine, Ephedrine, Phenylephedrine Do not use for more than 5 days Avoid near bedtime as have stimulant effect Cautions Hypertension and/or cardiac disease Diabetes Hyperthyroidism Prostate hypertrophy Hepatic and renal impairment Glaucoma Avoid Mono amine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) 4 of 8 Pseudo-ephedrine and Ephedrine Can be used in the manufacture of crystal methamphetamine Restriction on supply at one time 720mg pseudoephedrine 180mg ephedrine 5 of 8 Topical Decongestants Reduce runny nose and nasal congestion Rapid and potent vasoconstricting effect Longer acting eg:- xylomtazoline (otrivine) and oxymetazoline (vicks sinex) Short acting eg:- ephedrine nasal drops Nasal spray and drops Short term use -No more than 5 to 7 days Can cause rebound congestion which is often worse than before Useful for reducing systemic side effects Avoid with MAOIs 6 of 8 Sedating Antihistamines Exploitation of antimuscarinic effects Dry up secretions Side effects Blurred vision Dry mouth Constipation Urinary retention Interactions Hypnotics Alcohol medication with anticholinergic properties eg:- tricyclic antidepressants Avoid in:- Prostatic hypertrophy Glaucoma 7 of 8 Treatment in under 6 Restricted to Paracetamol/Ibuprofen Non-pharmacological treatment of coughs eg:- honey and lemon Vapour rubs/inhalants Sodium chloride nasal drops in infants Careful with doses for older children Do not use more than one product at a time 8 of 8
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