the use of rewards to increase the likelihood of a certain behaviour being repeated.
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Modelling
the process by which a child learns by observing and imitating the behaviour of others.
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growth norm
the mean weight and height of a particular age of a child, against which the growth of an individual can be measure
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development assessment
the process by which proffessionals judge the development of a child
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gross motor skills
the ability to make large controlled movements using large muscles, such as standing up, walking and running
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fine motor skills
the ability to make small,precise movements, using small muscles, such as drawing,fastening buttons and threading beads
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motor milestone
the development of a new motor skill-
by observing the development of large groups of children, the mean age at which certain milestones have been reached can be worked out and the development of an individual can be measured against that norm
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cognative development
the development of thinking skills such as memory,language and reasoning
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bonding
the way in which parents form attachments with their babies
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cell expansion
one of the ways physical growth can happen.
By absorbing nutrients, cells become bigger both in weight and volume
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cell division
another way in which physical growth can happen.
Each cell splits into two 'daughter cells' which are genetically identical to the original cell.This results in an increase in the number of cells in the body and thus in physical growth
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cell differentiation
genetic material in a cell enables it to develop into a specialised cell (such as bone, blood, nerve or muscle cell) so that the body can grow different types of tissue
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allometric growth
the way in which different parts of the body grow at different rates- for example, a baby's head is very much larger in relation to the rest of the body than an adults, and therefore grows more slowly than other parts.
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