Chemistry

Reaction rates can be affected by...

• temperature
• concentration
• surface area
• use of a catalyst

Reaction rates can be found by...

• measuring the amount of reactants used, or
• measuring the amount of products formed

Exothermic reactions give out heat. Exothermic reactions ---> raised temps. decrease yields ---> lowered temps. increase yields

Endothermic reactions take in heat. Endothermic reactions ---> raised temps. decrease yields ---> lowered temps. decrease yields.

Electrolysis - where electricity is passed through the solution and it separates it into different substances.

Breaking up a compound (in solution or molten) using electricity.

Negative ions ------> positive electrode

Positive ions ------> negative electrode.

Copper can be purified by electrolysis. Electrolysis of sodium chloride solution produces...

• chlorine gas at the positive electrode
• hydrogen gas at the negative electrode
• sodium hydroxide solution

Neutralisation and forming salts = Acid + alkali = neutral solution

Reduction - is gain of electrons

Oxidation - is loss of electrons

Remember...OIL RIG

Oxidation

Is

Loss

Reduction

Is

Gain