Britain 1499 - 1506
In depth study into Britain 1483-1529.
This section is on
- Foreign policy
- Europe
- The nobility
- Controlling the nobility
- Treaties
3.5 / 5 based on 5 ratings
- Created by: ArtisicBiscuit
- Created on: 23-05-10 16:38
Foreign Policy
Henry VII's Aims in policy
- Secure the throne
- Acheieve international recognition
- Promote prosperity
- Maintain prestige whilst keeping costs down
- England's security depended upon strong European allies
- Therefore, Henry VII's foreign policy was vital to securing the throne
1 of 19
Europe
The superpowers in 1485
- France
- Spain
- HRE
- Burgundy
- Italian states
2 of 19
Policy
Henry VII's foreign policy
- Foreign policy was based on information from nobles and amateurs
- This meant the information could have been wrong, meaning policies would have been ineffective
3 of 19
Foreign Policy
Success or failure?
- Henry VII managed to get England
- at peace with France
- an ally of Spain
- had support from HRE - However a series of deaths changed the succesfull position England was in
- 1502 Prince Arthur
- 1503 Queen Elizabeth
- 1505 Isabella of Castile
- 1506 Philip of Burgundy
4 of 19
Europe
England in Europe
- England was a mid-ranking power at the start of Henry VII's reign
- Henry VII lacked the power to dictate in foreign affairs
- English foreign policy was therefore mainly defensive
5 of 19
England in Europe
Brittany
- Henry VII owed the Duke of Brittany for providing shelter during his exile
- A commercial treaty was signed between England and Brittany
- England later went to war with France over Brittany
6 of 19
England in Europe
Burgundy
- Margaret of Burgundy was a main enemy of Henry VII
- No diplomatic arrangements could ever be made between the two countries
- However each country relied on the other for trade
- Henry VII punished Burgundy for supporting a pretender by introducing the Trade Embargo
- Trade was restored a few years later
7 of 19
England in Europe
France
- Henry VII owed Charles VIII of France for aiding him during his exile and at the battle of Bosworth
- Although when France attacked Brittany, Henry VII was also in debt to Brittany
- The Treaty of Etaples restored peace between the two countries
- France had strong connections with Scotland too through the Auld Alliance
8 of 19
England in Europe
Holy Roman Emperor
- The HRE was traditionally anti-French and was angered by the Anglo-French coalition
- Henry VII wanted an alliance with the HRE to minimise the chance of a Franco-Spanish alliance
- However, nothing new came of this, aside from an extension of Edward IV's treaty with the HRE
9 of 19
England in Europe
Ireland
- Ireland was controlled by the Earl of Kildare, who was traditionally Yorkist
- No agreement was ever made between Kildare and Henry VII
- Henry VII kept Kildare's son at court however, to ensure his loyalty
10 of 19
England in Europe
The Pope
- The Pope gave Henry VII his support from the beginning of his reign
- Henry VII was recognised by the Pope through the Papal Bull
- Any claims against Henry VII were ignored by the Pope
11 of 19
England in Europe
Spain
- The marriage of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon meant that Spain was a threatening superpower
- Henry VII feared a Franco-Spainish alliance against England
- However, Spain was far too interested in reclaiming French lands for this alliance to ever be considered
- The problem with Spain began when Isabella of Castile died
- Ferdinand of Aragon an Philip of Burgundy both had claims and both claimed the leadership of Castile
- Henry VII had to choose to back one of the men
- He chose Philip because:
- It protected English trade with Burgundy
- It provided an advantegous marriage between Prince Henry and Philip's daughter
- It reduced the threat of pretenders - This support for Philip proved to be a problem when Philip died unexpectedly, a year later in 1506
12 of 19
Treaties
Treaty of Readon
- 1489
- Between England, Spain and the HRE
- Acted Anti-French to protect Brittany
13 of 19
Treaties
Medina del Campo
- 1489
- Between England and Spain
- Achieved international recognition for Henry VII
- Ferdinand of Aragon and Henry VII agreed to support each other
- Neither country could make an alliance or peace treaty with France without consent
- Neither country could support pretenders
- Prince Arthur was betrothed to Ferdinand's daughter, Catherine of Aragon
14 of 19
Treaties
Treaty of Etaples
- 1492
- Between France and England
- Resolved peace during the war over Brittany
- A French pension of £5'000 paid to Henry annually was agreed
- Charles VIII of France could not support pretenders
- Henry VII had to withdraw troops from Brittany
15 of 19
Treaties
Treaty of Ayton
- 1497
- Between England and Scotland
- Agreed on Anglo-Scottish peace by Henry VII and James IV
- Betrothal of Princess Margaret to Scottish King, James IV
16 of 19
Treaties
Treaty of Blois
- 1505
- Between France and Spain
- Louis XIII's niece of France betrothed to Ferdinand of Aragon
- The Franco-Spainsh alliance Henry VII had been fearing
17 of 19
Treaties
Treaty of Windsor
- 1506
- Between England and Philip of Burgundy
- Arrangement of Intercursus Malus, which was abandoned later on
- Henry VII recognised Philip as ruler of Castile
- Henry VIII betrothed to Philip's sister
- The treaty was abandoned upon Philip's death in the same year
18 of 19
Treaties
Treaty of Cambrai
- 1508
- Between the HRE, France and Spain
- Arranged an alliance against Italy
- Henry VII was ignored from the treaty
- This made him fear that this new alliance could turn anti-Tudor
19 of 19
Related discussions on The Student Room
- OCR A-level History British period study and enquiry: All exams 10th Jun 2022 »
- OCR AS-Level History Unit 1 (Y136-Y138,Y143) - 17th May [Exam Chat] »
- AQA A-Level History 1D and 2O Notes »
- A-level History Study Group 2023-2024 »
- History 2022 paper »
- Will you feel British without the monarchy? »
- MY YEAR 12 JOURNAL!!!! (Grow your grades) »
- OCR A-Level History Unit 1 (Y101-Y113) - 9th June 2023 [Exam Chat] »
- AQA A Level History Paper 1 (7042/1A to 1L) - 24 May 2023 [Exam Chat] »
- Edexcel A Level History Paper 3 (9HI0 30-39) - 13 June 2023 [Exam Chat] »
Similar History resources:
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
5.0 / 5 based on 1 rating
Teacher recommended
0.0 / 5
1.0 / 5 based on 1 rating
0.0 / 5
3.0 / 5 based on 1 rating
3.0 / 5 based on 1 rating
Comments
No comments have yet been made